人工耳蜗植入儿童听觉康复效果跟踪评估  

Follow-up Evaluation on the Auditory Rehabilitation Outcome of Children with Cochlear Implants

作　　者：孙喜斌[1] 刘建菊[2] 周丽君[1] 陈滨[1] 张蕾2 梁巍[1] 张芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国聋儿康复研究中心,北京100029 [2]华东师范大学言语听觉科学专业,上海200062

出　　处：《中国听力语言康复科学杂志》2011年第1期15-20,共6页Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目：听力残疾预防对策研究（09＆ZD072）：言语听觉科学教育部重点实验室（华东师范大学）主任基金资助;“十一五”国家科技支撑计划：聋儿认知规律与康复技术规范化的研究（2008BA150801）

摘　　要：目的通过对633例2～6岁听力障碍儿童植入人工耳蜗后的听觉康复效果跟踪评估，分析人工耳蜗植入年龄、性别及康复时间对康复效果的影响，探讨听障儿童听觉发展的规律性。方法听觉能力评估方案采用全国聋儿康复系统通用的听力障碍儿童听觉能力评估标准及方法，评估内容包括声母识别、韵母识别、声调识别、双音节词识别、短句识别及在噪声环境中的言语识别等6项。本研究采用三因素混合实验设计，因变量为儿童听觉康复评估结果，自变量为儿童的年龄、性别、康复时间。应用统计学软件SPSS16．0进行数据分析。结果人工耳蜗植入儿童的听觉能力随康复时间延长，听觉能力显著提高（P〈0．001），其变异系数越来越小，2岁年龄组康复12个月评估时的CV系数为0．25，其余各年龄段的CV系数均小于0．2。听觉评估时间和儿童的年龄对听觉能力交互效应显著（P〈0．001），年龄段越小的儿童进步幅度越大。人工耳蜗植入儿童性别对听觉能力的主效应不显著（P〉0．05）。结论人工耳蜗术后听觉能力随康复训练的时间延长得到快速发展，儿童年龄越小提高幅度越大。听觉强化训练时间至少要经过12个月，听觉能力才相对稳定，2岁年龄组的听觉强化训练时间要超过1年。Objective TO analyze the influence of ages of cochlear implantation receivers, genders and training time on the rehabilitation outcome and to explore the auditory development rules of hearing-impaired children by evaluating 633 hearing-impaired children with cochlear implants aged 2-6. Methods The auditory assessment standards and methods for hearing-impaired children widely used in China rehabilitation system were applied to evaluate the auditory abilities of hearing-impaired children, including the recognition of vowels, consonants, tones, bisyllable words, sentences and the speech recognition in noise. This research was based on gender, age and intervention time by three-factor mixed design. The dependent variable was the auditory rehabilitation outcome of these children and the independent variables were the ages of cochlear implantation receivers, genders and assessment time. The SPSS 16.0 software was applied to statistically analyze the data. Results The auditory abilities of the children with CIs increased significantly as time went by （P〈0.001） and the coefficient of variation （CV） became smaller. Up to 12 months, the CVs of all the groups were less than 0.2 except the 2-year-old group. The interactive effects of assessment time and age of cochlear implantation were significant on the auditory abilities （P〈0.001）.The younger the children, the more significant the progress was. There was no significant difference in rehabilitation outcome between different genders（P〉0.05）. Conclusion After implantation, the children＇s auditory abilities developed rapidly with increasing training time. The auditory ability can be relatively stable at least after 12 months of training. For the 2-year-old group, the auditory intensive training should exceed 1 year.

关 键 词：听障儿童 人工耳蜗 听觉康复 效果评估 

分 类 号：R764.5[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]