接受产前诊断的孕妇心理状态研究  

Study on the Psychological status in pregnant women received prenatal diagnostic operation

作　　者：何薇 林琳华[1,2] 姚秋璇 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学第二临床医学院 [2]深圳市人民医院妇产科,广东深圳518020

出　　处：《中国现代医学杂志》2011年第2期283-286,共4页China Journal of Modern Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨接受产前诊断手术的孕妇在实施手术前后各阶段的心理变化,评价该群体进行心理干预的必要性。方法采用ZUNG氏抑郁自评量表,分析2009年3～8月244例孕妇进行产前诊断手术期间的心理状况,分别在进行产前诊断手术前、手术后第3天及取得胎儿产前诊断结果前对孕妇进行心理测评。结果①术前、术后第3天及出结果前抑郁症的发生率分别为8.6%、7.8%和10.2%。出结果前抑郁症的发生率最高,但按α=0.05的水准进行χ2检验,3阶段的抑郁症发生率无统计学差异。②术前、术后第3天及出结果前3阶段的平均ZUNG评分分别为0.411、0.405和0.417,3阶段中以出结果前阶段的平均ZUNG评分最高(0.417)。按α=0.05水准进行t检验,术后第3天与出结果前的ZUNG评分有统计学差异(t=-2.217,P=0.027)。结论产前诊断手术的过程及术后1周内可能发生的流产风险并未给孕妇增加过多的恐惧及忧虑,但在等待产前诊断结果这一漫长过程中,焦虑情绪呈加重趋势。这些焦虑情绪不但对胎儿产生不良影响,而且可能增加妊娠晚期及产后抑郁症的发生率。临床上应重视接受产前筛查及产前诊断的孕妇的心理状况。【Objective】 To investigate the psychological changes in the high risk pregnant women before and after prenatal diagnostic operation and evaluate the necessity of psychological intervention in these patients.【Methods】 Using Zung＇s Self-Rating Depression Scale,the psychological status of 244 pregnant women was investigated before prenatal diagnosis,the 3rd day after prenatal diagnostic operation and before the report during March,2009 and August,2009.【Results】 The incidence rate of depression were 8.6%,7.8% and 10.2%,respectively,before prenatal diagnosis,the 3rd day after prenatal diagnostic operation and before the report.The depression rate was the highest before the report,but no significant difference was found in three periods.Mean Zung score in three periods were 0.411,0.405 and 0.417,respectively,before prenatal diagnosis,the 3 rd day after prenatal diagnostic operation and before the report.The highest mean Zung score（0.417） was found before the report.Mean Zung score before the report was significantly higher than that during post-operation（t =-2.217,P =0.027）.【Conclusions】 Prenatal diagnostic procedure and posibility of miscarriage within one week after operation did not increase depression incidence.However,the anxiety and depression may worsen during the long period of waiting the report.The anxiety and depression of pregnant women not only influence the development of fetus,but also increase the incidence of depression of pregnant women in late pregnancy and postpartum.Clinician should pay more attention to the psychological status of high risk pregnant women who undergo prenatal diagnostic precedure.

关 键 词：孕妇 产前筛查 产前诊断 抑郁症 产前 

分 类 号：R715.3[医药卫生—妇产科学]