高静水压对纤维素产生菌葡糖醋杆菌性质及其产纤维能力的影响  

Effects of high hydrostatic pressure treated on the character of Gluconacetobacter and its BC yield

作　　者：林德慧[1] 杜双奎[1] 李志西[1] 葛含静[1] 向进乐[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学食品科学与工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第3期119-124,共6页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(QN2009072)

摘　　要：【目的】研究高静水压处理对纤维素产生菌葡糖醋杆菌（Gluconacetobacter J2）致死率、形态特征、生理生化特性、纤维素产量以及菌体生长速率的影响,为细菌纤维素高产菌株的诱变育种提供参考。【方法】将制备好的菌悬液,分装到无菌聚丙烯袋中,用真空封口机封口,然后用高静水压设备在处理压力为200 MPa时,分别处理10,15,20 min;在处理时间为15 min时,处理压力分别为150,200,250 MPa,进行高压处理。【结果】高静水压对菌株J2有显著的作用。处理时间在30 min内时,菌株J2的致死率随着处理时间的延长而增大,至30 min时全部死亡;处理压力在300 MPa内时,菌株J2的致死率随着处理压力的增加而增大,至300 MPa时全部死亡。处理压力与处理时间呈现出极显著的交互作用。显微镜下观察到,高静水压处理后菌株呈现的杆菌有所变短,且高静水压处理后的菌株在液体培养基中呈现的球状菌群大小是高静水压处理前的3~4倍,但其生理生化特性没有发生明显变化。高静水压处理前、后菌株对碳源和氮源的利用程度有明显差异。高静水压处理后菌株发酵生产细菌纤维素的能力明显提高,其中产量最高的1株纤维素产量是高静水压处理前的1.485倍,且菌株的生长速率明显加快。【结论】高静水压处理对细菌纤维素产生菌的生理代谢和产纤维素能力有明显影响,在高产菌株诱变选育方面有一定的应用前景。【Objective】 The effects of high hydrostatic pressure（HHP） on the mortality,colonial morphology,characters,growth rate of Gluconacetobacter J2 and the yield of bacterial cellulose（BC） were studied to provide reference for the mutation breeding of BC-producing strain.【Method】 The prepared bacteria suspension was packed into sterilized polypropylene bags,sealed with a vacuum sealing machine,and was then HHP-treated using a HHP machine under pressure 200 MPa for 10,15,20 min;when the treatment time was 15 min,the treatment pressure was 150,200,250 MPa.【Result】 The effects of HHP on Gluconacetobacter J2 were significant.Under the same treatment pressure,the mortality of Gluconacetobacter J2 increased as the treatment time was extended,and all the strains died with time extended to 30 min.The mortality of Gluconacetobacter J2 increased with the increase of pressure within treatment time in the same duration,and all the strains died when the pressure was increased to 300 MPa.Pressure and time had significant interaction.The HHP had little effects on the physiological and biochemical characters,but it partly impacted the colonial morphology.The HHP-treated strains showed bacillus and it was shorter than that of untreated strains.Under the microscope,and the HHP-treated strains present a spherical bacteria in the liquid medium and it was 3 to 4 times of that of untreated strains.The HHP treatment had much play in utilization of strains on some of the carbon and nitrogen sources,such as lactose,mannitol,beef extract,peptone,and so on.After treated by HHP,the ability of BC biosynthesis of strains was obviously improved and the yield of one HHP-treated strain was 1.485 times of that of untreated strains,and the growth rates of strains also increased.【Conclusion】 The results show that the HHP treatment should have much effects on the physiological metabolism and ability to produce cellulose of BC-producing strains and should have some prospect in high-yield strains breeding.

关 键 词：高静水压 细菌纤维素产生菌 生理代谢 产纤维素能力 

分 类 号：Q93-33[生物学—微生物学] Q935