云南彝族居民饮酒行为及酒精危害认知调查  

Drinking patterns and awareness of harm effect of alcohol among Yi people in Yunnan province

作　　者：殷建忠[1] 王琦[1] 张雪辉[1] 高蓓[1] 付强[1] 张丽娟[1] 吴少雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明医学院公共卫生学院营养与食品科学系,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2011年第4期492-494,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：达能营养中心膳食营养研究与宣传教育基金(DIC2008-13)

摘　　要：目的了解云南省楚雄州大姚县彝族人群饮酒现状,分析单纯宣传教育对饮酒人群酒精危害认知水平的影响,为进一步进行健康教育提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样方法,应用自制问卷对楚雄州大姚县3个贫困乡1 769名18岁～的彝族居民进行饮酒行为调查;根据纳入标准筛选出干预对象,随机分为干预组和对照组,仅对干预组进行6个月宣传教育,在干预前后均对干预对象酒精危害认知水平进行调查,并进行效果分析。结果总饮酒率为47.9%(847/1 769),男性饮酒率67.6%(699/1 034)明显高于女性的20.1%(148/735),差异有统计学意义(χ2=387.86,P<0.001);从年龄分布上看,35岁～组饮酒率最高,为59.5%(285/479);职业分布以农民饮酒率最高,为48.8%(806/1 651),机关及技术人员次之,为40.4%(19/47);46.2%(323/699)的男性每天饮酒,女性饮酒者饮酒频率为1～2天/周的比例为51.4%(76/148);在对干预组进行为期6个月的入户健康教育后,干预组对饮酒相关问题的知晓率均明显提高,与干预前比较差异均有统计学意义,但对照组前后无明显改变。结论在少数民族聚居区进行饮酒危害健康教育是提高居民的认知水平、预防与酒精相关的慢性疾病的一项行之有效措施。Objective To understand alcohol drinking patterns in Yi people in Yunnan province,and to observe the effects of health education program on awareness of the harm of alcohol consumption for effective intervention. Methods With multistage clustering sampling,1769 Yi residents of three townships in Dayao county were selected and investigated with a face-to-face questionnaire survey on their alcohol drinking behavior.Based on the results of baseline investigation,intervention subjects were selected and randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Results The total drinking rate of the subjects was 47.9%（847/1769）with a significant higher rate of 67.6%（699/1034） in men than women（20.1%,148/735;χ2=387.86,P0.001）.The intervention group received an education program and propaganda for 6 months and showed an obvious different awareness rate compared with that of before intervention.However,the control group had no obvious change. Conclusion The alcohol drinking is a prevalent behavior in Yi people,and related knowledge about the harm of alcohol drinking should be popularized among the residents to reduce the rate of chronic diseases among alcohol drinkers.

关 键 词：彝族 饮酒 酒精危害认知 宣传教育 

分 类 号：R151.4[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]