重金属对发光海藻Pyrocystis lunula的毒性研究——一种新型的快速生物毒性测试方法QwikLite  

Study of Heavy Metals Toxicity for Dinoflagellate Pyrocystis lunula——A New Rapid Toxicity Test QwikLite

作　　者：冯鸣凤[1] 朱琳[1] 陈中智[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院污染过程与环境基准教育部重点实验室,天津300071

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2010年第4期531-536,共6页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家重大专项(水专项No.2008ZX08526-003)

摘　　要：利用海洋发光藻--新月梨甲藻Pyrocystis lunula的生物发光特性(QwikLite方法),以发光抑制为测试终点,研究了6种重金属离子Zn2+、Cu2+、Pb2+、Cr6+、Cd2+、Hg2+的毒性,24h EC50分别为4.6601mg·L-1、0.0960mg·L-1、1.4935mg·L-1、0.1626mg·L-1、0.1272mg·L-1、0.0048mg·L-1.将该结果与这6种金属离子对其它发光藻、发光菌、糠虾和泥螺的毒性效应进行了比较.结果表明,利用QwikLite方法和Vibrio覱scheri(Microtox方法)测定的6种重金属离子的毒性顺序相似,但QwikLite法比Microtox法的灵敏度高1～2个数量级;发光藻与糠虾和泥螺的灵敏度相似或者更高,与泥螺存在显著的相关性.发光藻毒性测试方法QwikLite由于灵敏度高、操作简便、快速经济等优点,可以作为一种新型的快速生物测试方法.Bioluminescence characteristics of marine dinoflagettlate Pyrocystis lunula（QwikLite test） and the endpoint of bioluminescence inhibition were used to analyze the toxicity of 6 heavy metal ions including Zn2＋, Cu2＋, Pb2＋, Cr6＋, Cd2＋, Hg2＋. The values of 24h EC50 of these ions were 4.6601mg·L-1, 0.0960mg·L-1, 1.4935mg·L-1, 0.1626mg·L-1, 0.1272mg·L-1 and 0.0048mg·L-1, respectively. Moreover, the toxicity of 6 heavy metal ions on the other organisms including bioluminescent dinoflagellate, bioluminescent bacterium, Mysidopsis and Bullacta exarat have been studied. As a result, the similar toxicity sequence of metals existed in QwikLite and Vibrio scheri（Microtox）; however, the QwikLite tests were more sensitive 1～2 orders of magnitude than the Microtox tests; QwikLite, appeared comparable or more sensitive than Mysidopsis and Bullacta exarat to metals tested. Moreover, there were significant linear relationship between Pyrocystis lunula and Bullacta exarat. Having the advantages such as high sensitivity, rapid and productivity to metal ions, simplicity to conduct, QwikLite could be a new rapid toxicity test method.

关 键 词：Pyrocystis lunula 生物发光 重金属 毒性 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]