集体道德情绪研究述评  

A Review of Research on Collective Emotions in Moral Events

作　　者：刘晓洁[1] 李丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学心理学系,上海200234

出　　处：《心理科学》2011年第2期393-397,共5页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：教育部人文社科一般项目规划基金(08JAXLX012);上海市重点学科项目(S30401)资助

摘　　要：作为社会中的个体,在与各类人群交互作用的过程中,产生了一系列与这些群体相关的情绪,即集体情绪。随着道德情绪研究的发展,集体情绪的研究逐渐与道德相联系。本文侧重探讨道德领域中的集体情绪,梳理此类情绪的产生原因以及集体内疚、集体羞愧等情绪的研究现状,并指出未来道德情绪应该在神经生理学以及跨文化研究等多方面进一步探讨。As a member of the society,the individual ineluctably interacts with the intergroup and generates a series of emotions.Researchers have begun to focus on these kinds of emotions named as collective emotions.As researches on moral emotions develop,the scope of collective emotions investigation has been extended to the field of moral emotions,bringing about a new field,collective emotions in moral events.Through the approach of literature review,this article summarizes the development of the research situation about this area.First of all,we tried to interpret what were moral emotions and collective emotions,something which had no clear explanations and definitions thoungh very important to an understanding of the new field.Guilt,shame,pride are moral emotions.Collective guilt,collective shame,collective pride are usually called collective emotions.Unless these emotions are elicited by moral events in groups,they are not collective emotions in moral events.Secondly,when and why do collective emotions in moral events emerge？ The answers were found in two important theories.They were the social identity theory proposed by Tajfel and Turner and the self-categorization theory put forward by Turner.How are collective emotions in moral events identified？ It was assumed that if one emotion belonged to both moral and collective emotions,then it was new emotion.So some evidences and standards were given to distinguish between moral emotions and collective emotions.Thirdly,two main kinds of emotions,collective guilt and collective shame,were overviewed in this article.More researches on them pointed out that both collective shame and collective guilt were associated with a desire to make reparation for the outgroup.That was the impact of two kinds of emotions on collective responsibility compensation.But the relationship between collective shame and compensation would not last long.Last,future research directions on collective emotions in moral events are as follows：（1） Designs of longitudinal research should be ap

关 键 词：道德情绪 集体情绪 集体内疚 集体羞愧 

分 类 号：B842.6[哲学宗教—基础心理学]