成都市灾害性山洪泥石流临界降雨量特征  

Critical Rainfall Characteristics for Torrents and Debris Flows in Chengdu

作　　者：胡桂胜[1,2,3] 陈宁生[1,2] 杨成林[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041 [2]中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室,四川成都610041 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第1期95-101,共7页Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science)

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX2-YW-332)

摘　　要：在统计四川省地震灾区106个县建国以来的山洪和泥石流灾害时间和相应的1 h和24 h雨量值基础上,得出四川省地震灾区山洪泥石流的临界雨量在不同的区域表现出不同的特征。其中1 h临界降雨变化于5~120mm,与山洪泥石流暴发关系最为密切;24 h临界降雨主要变化于35~235 mm,对山洪泥石流的暴发有极大的影响。在此基础上重点研究成都市灾害性山洪泥石流临界降雨量特征,并给出成都地震灾区山洪泥石流应急预警的降雨指标,具有重要的减灾价值。最后,根据临界降雨量特征进行了成都市山洪泥石流防治区划分。Critical rainfall assessment is a very important tool for hazard management of torrents and debris flows in mountainous areas.The complexity of outbreak of torrents and debris flows is depended on critical rainfall.There is an urgent need to quantify the critical rainfall distribution in the area so that better hazard management could be planned and if real time rainfall forecast is available,and torrent and debris flow early-warning could be issued in advance.This study is based on 49-year observations（1954~2003） of up to 678 torrent and debris flow events.Generally,the contour maps from 1 hour and 24 hours have similar patterns.Three zones with low,medium and high critical rainfalls have been identified.The value of the 1 hour critical rainfall varies from 5~120mm,which is most closely with the outbreak of torrents and debris flows.The value of the 24 hour critical rainfall varies from 35~235mm,which is very important to the outbreak of torrents and debris flows.On this basis,it focuses on the critical rainfall torrents and debris flows in Chengdu.Finally,it classifies regions of torrents and debris flows in Chengdu based on critical rainfall characteristics of Chengdu.

关 键 词：泥石流 山洪 成都市 地震灾区 临界雨量 

分 类 号：P694[天文地球—地质学]