汉英篇章回指手段对比考察——专就翻译语料中汉语LDR及其英语对应用语而论  

The Anaphoric Devices in Chinese and English Discourse:A Study with Special Reference to Chinese LDRs vs.Their English Equivalents in Translation Data

作　　者：刘礼进[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学外国语言学及应用语言学研究中心,广东广州510420

出　　处：《外国语》2011年第2期23-31,共9页Journal of Foreign Languages

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究规划基金项目(10YJA740063)的成果之一;广州市社科发展"十一五"规划项目(10Y09)资助

摘　　要：本文对比考察汉英、英汉翻译语料里汉语长距离反身代词(简称LDR)与其英语对应用语的回指功能及语用动因。结果表明,汉英篇章回指建构中存在着显著的差异:其他情况均相同时,汉语常可由LDR建立篇章回指,而英语一般由代词建立篇章回指。具体而言,汉语各句位的"自己"大都相应编码为英语各格位代词,因为,操汉语者易受语篇主人公视角驱动,常以简单反身代词建立篇章回指,操英语者往往立足于观察者视角,多用代词建构篇章回指。相似地,汉语各句位的"x-自己"也多半相应编码为英语各格位代词,原因或在于,操汉语者更喜欢使用复合反身代词来凸显语篇实体。This article presents a contrastive study of the anaphoric uses of Chinese long-distance reflexives （LDRs） and their English equivalents in C-E/E-C translation data and the motivations for their uses. The findings suggest that there is a noticeable dissimilarity in anaphoric production： other things being equal, a Chinese LDR can be but an English pronoun is generally used to create discourse anaphora. Specifically, Chinese ＂ziji＂ is largely encoded grammatically as an English pronoun, due to the fact that Chinese speakers are apt to take the protagonist＇s viewpoint and use the simplex reflexive to establish an anaphoric linkage in discourse, while English speakers tend to take the observer＇s viewpoint and use a pronoun to set up such a linkage. Similarly, Chinese ＂ x-ziji＂ is also largely encoded syntactically, as an English pronoun. This is probably because Chinese speakers would prefer to highlight a discourse entity with this complex reflexive.

关 键 词：回指手段 长距离反身代词 代词 语用动因 汉英对比 

分 类 号：H315.9[语言文字—英语]