X射线荧光光谱研究粮食中生命有机碳与碳化学循环  

X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrum Studies on Bioorganic Carbon in Cereals and Carbon Chemical Circulation

作　　者：段德良[1] 卞富永[1] 袁波[1] 王树[2] 葛茂发[2] 张兴康[2] 徐四川[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学化学科学与工程学院,自然资源药物化学教育部重点实验室,云南昆明650091 [2]中国科学院化学研究所,分子动态与稳态结构国家重点实验室,北京100080

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2011年第5期1428-1434,共7页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：云南省人才基金项目(2006PY01-29)资助

摘　　要：采用X射线荧光光谱(XRF)方法测定六种粮食:稻谷(大米)、小麦(面粉)、黄豆、小米、高粱和玉米中生命有机碳含量和化学元素组成,建立一种新方法测定它们的蛋白质含量。粮食中生命有机碳平均含量约为44%。黄豆中的蛋白质含量最高(42.74%),小米蛋白质含量28.56%,麦子蛋白质含量27.57%,玉米蛋白质含量24.99%,高粱蛋白质含量22.21%,而大米蛋白质含量只有20.31%。基于文中新定义的碳化学循环,结合相关研究数据,我们发现2009年人类使用生命有机碳作为生命体内所需排放CO2只占总排放量的1.00%,使用有机碳排放CO2占总排放量的10.73%。碳循环清晰的轨迹与不同类型碳源释放CO2量的数据将促进研究碳化学循环和大气CO2"温室效应"。研究工作还发现地球大气CO2循环一次时间是8年,表明大气CO2循环动态平衡具有敏感性,但是没有实验数据证明地球大气存在着破坏性的CO2"温室效应"。The bioorganic carbon contents and chemical element compositions in six kinds of cereals： paddy（rice）,wheat（flour）,soybean,millet,sorghum and corn were determined by X-ray fluorescence（XRF） spectrum,meanwhile a new method was established to probe their protein contents.In the cereals,the average bioorganic carbon content is about 44%.The highest protein content is 42.74% from soybean,and other protein content is 28.56% in millet,27.57% in wheat,24.99% in corn,22.21% in sorghum,but only 20.31% in rice.Based on our new definition of carbon chemical circulation presented in the current work,the authors have found that in 2009 humankind used bioorganic carbon to discharge CO2 into the earth＇s atmosphere that accounts for one percent of the total CO2 discharge,and consumed organic carbon to release CO2 into the earth＇s atmosphere,accounting for 10.73% of the total CO2 discharge.The clear definition of carbon chemical circulation and the discharged CO2 content from the distinct types of carbon compounds would advance the study on carbon chemical circulation and the atmospheric CO2 greenhouse effect.Our work further found that it takes eight years to circulate the total earth＇s atmospheric CO2.The short period shows the sensitivity for CO2 to keep its dynamical equilibrium in the earth＇s atmosphere.However,no experimental data has been reported to prove a heavy destructive greenhouse effect of CO2 existing in the earth＇s atmosphere.

关 键 词：粮食 元素组成 XRF CO2 温室效应 碳循环 

分 类 号：O657.3[理学—分析化学]