核桃属种质资源的EST-SSR标记研究  

Studies on Germplasm of Juglans by EST-SSR Markers

作　　者：齐建勋[1,2] 郝艳宾[2] 朱艳[2] 吴春林[2] 王维霞[2] 冷平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193 [2]北京市农林科学院林业果树研究所,北京100093

出　　处：《园艺学报》2011年第3期441-448,共8页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：北京市科技新星人才培养项目(2004B21);‘十一五’国家科技支撑计划课题(2008BAD92B03-09);北京市科技项目(Z09090501040902)

摘　　要：用18对EST-SSR引物对核桃属(Juglans L.)中的6个黑核桃组(Sect.Rhysocayon)样品、14个核桃楸组(Sect.Cardiocaryon)样品、28个核桃组(Sect.Juglans)样品和山核桃属(Carya Nutt)中的4个长山核桃(C.illinoinensis Koch.)样品进行了PCR扩增。在18个EST-SSR位点上共获得110个等位基因,每个位点扩增等位基因3～10个,平均6.1个;各位点的观察杂合度为0.057～0.574,平均为0.323;各位点PIC值在0.3723～0.8795之间,平均为0.6890。18对EST-SSR引物在长山核桃、黑核桃组、核桃楸组、铁核桃和核桃样品中,EST-SSR位点平均有效扩增率分别为87.5%、96.3%、98.8%、100%和99.8%,说明核桃EST-SSR在种、属间具有良好的通用性。聚类分析表明:在属间和核桃属内组间的聚类清晰,结果与传统分类一致。在核桃种内,参试样品可分为新疆、华北和西藏3个地理生态型,来自陕西的核桃样品与来自北京、山东、河南的样品混聚在一起,表明陕西核桃与华北核桃应属于同一地理生态型。在铁核桃种内,'金沙江铁核桃1'、'金沙江铁核桃2'与'永平铁核桃1'聚为铁核桃种。'三台'和'丽江铁核桃1'铁核桃样品,还有'丽江核桃1'与西藏核桃聚在一起,说明'丽江核桃1'应属于西藏核桃地理生态型,并且部分铁核桃与西藏核桃的亲缘关系较近。这可能是由于铁核桃与核桃混生,自然杂交使一些铁核桃后代含有了核桃基因。Eighteen EST-SSR primer pairs were used to amplify SSR fragments for 8 Sect. Rhysocayon samples,14 Sect. Cardiocaryon samples,28 Sect. Juglans samples in Juglans L. and 4 C. illinoinensis samples in Carya Nutt. The 18 pairs of EST-SSR primers generated a total of 110 alleles. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 3 to 10,and averaged 6.1. The observed heterozygosity（Ho）of 18 EST-SSR loci ranged from 0.057 to 0.574,and averaged 0.323. The value of allelic polymorphism information content（PIC）ranged from 0.3723 to 0.8795,and averaged 0.6890. The average percentage of available loci amplified in C. illinoinensis,Sect. Rhysocayon,Sect. Cardiocaryon,J. regia and J. sigillata samples are 87.5%,96.3%,98.8%,100% and 99.8%,respectively. It showed that the EST-SSR had good transferability among species in Juglans L. and Carya Nutt. In the dendrogram,the samples clustered clearly among species or sect. in Juglans L. and Carya Nutt,and the result accorded with the conventional taxonomy. In J. regia,the samples could be clustered into 3 ecological types,namely Xinjiang walnut,Huabei walnut and Tibet walnut. The walnut samples from Shaanxi clustered together with those from Beijing,Shandong and Henan. It indicated that Shaanxi walnuts and Huabei walnuts probably belonged to the same ecological type. In J. sigillata,‘Jinshajiang 1’,‘Jinshajiang 2’and‘Yongping Tie-walnut 1’clustered together as the group of J. sigillata. But the other two samples of J. sigillata,named‘Santai’and ‘Lijiang tie-walnut 1’,clustered together with‘Lijiang walnut 1’and Tibet walnuts. It indicated that,‘Lijiang walnut 1’should belong to Tibet walnut ecological type,and some samples of J. sigillata have closely relationship with Tibet walnuts. J. sigillata and J. regia live together,which possibly lead to some offspring of J. sigillata coming from J. Sigillata × J. regia.

关 键 词：核桃 EST-SSR 亲缘关系 地理生态型 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]