数控加工中的平滑压缩插补算法研究  

Research on Smooth Compression Interpolation Algorithm in CNC Machining

作　　者：张晓辉[1,2] 于东[2] 洪海涛[2] 孙维堂[2] 张富彦[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039 [2]中国科学院沈阳计算技术研究所高档数控国家工程中心,沈阳110171 [3]沈阳高精数控技术有限公司,沈阳110004

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2011年第5期156-162,169,共8页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2009ZX04009-013);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向(KGCX2-YW-119)资助项目

摘　　要：为实现自由曲面的高速和高表面质量加工,在分析现有插补方法不足的基础上,提出一种指令点平滑压缩插补算法。该算法可根据相邻线段间的长度和夹角将数控加工程序划分为非连续微小线段加工区域和连续微小线段加工区域。对于非连续微小线段加工区域,在相邻指令点构成的直线段上进行插补计算,以确保加工中的精度。对于连续微小线段加工区域,确定加工路径弯曲方向改变处的特征指令点;在满足加工精度的条件下,通过拟合特征指令点来将折线加工路径转化成平滑曲线加工路径,以达到压缩程序段数目和平滑加工路径的目的;在拟合而成的平滑曲线上进行插补计算,以实现高速而又高表面质量的加工。试验结果表明,该算法可有效地提高自由曲面的加工效率和表面加工质量。In order to implement high speed and high surface quality machining of free-form surface,the smooth compression interpolation algorithm is proposed.Based on the angles and lengths evaluated from the adjacent command points,the machining path of free-form can be divided into two region types.For those regions composed of discontinuous micro-line blocks,the line interpolation is performed between the adjacent command points.For those regions composed of continuous micro-line blocks,firstly the shape-defining point is selected by the bend direction of the machining path;secondly the shape-defining points are fitted into smooth spline curve to compress blocks and smooth contours;lastly the curve interpolation is performed on the fitted smooth spline curve.The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can improve machining efficiency and surface quality.

关 键 词：数控加工 平滑压缩 插补算法 样条曲线 

分 类 号：TG156[金属学及工艺—热处理]