厨余发酵菌株筛选及单菌发酵对其品质的影响  

Screening Fermentation Strains with Food Waste and Influence of Single Culture on Quality of Food Waste

作　　者：杨亚文[1,2] 吴祖芳[1,2] 袁俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学生命科学与生物工程学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]应用海洋生物技术教育部重点实验室,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2011年第5期161-166,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：杭州市科技局<厨余发酵法的研究>(2009B20082);2009浙江省大学生科技创新活动<复合菌剂发酵厨余的研究>

摘　　要：为筛选出适合厨余发酵的菌种并探讨各菌种在发酵过程中的作用,文章从厨余发酵糟感官品质变化的角度出发,通过多次初筛、复筛得到发酵效果好的优良菌株,将各菌种接种于厨余中进行发酵,通过对各发酵组不同时间段微生物、真蛋白、葡萄糖等指标的分析,考察各菌种在发酵过程中的作用。结果表明:筛选出的4株菌分别为L22、Lc、Ydy、S1,初步判定L22、Lc为乳酸菌,Ydy为酵母菌,S1为产淀粉酶细菌,厨余经Lc、Ydy、L22发酵后均有一定的香味;Lc能显著抑制大肠杆菌的生长,发酵36h后T-VBN值为4.37mg/100g,对厨余有较好的保鲜效果,其次是Ydy及L22,S1对大肠菌群无显著抑制效果,其发酵36h后厨余发酵糟T-VBN值为13.81 mg/100g,仍在较好鲜度范围内;Lc、Ydy发酵组其真蛋白含量分别提高64.89%和23.63%,L22、S1发酵组真蛋白无明显变化;Lc、Ydy、L22利用葡萄糖做碳源,S1能分解淀粉产生葡萄糖,形成互补。乳酸菌中,Lc各方面性能均要优于L22,发酵中可选用Lc、Ydy、S1组合成复合菌剂对厨余进行发酵。For the purpose of screening some suitable strains and investigating the effect of each microbial strain during the process of fermentation,a series of experiments including initial and repeated screening were employed to obtain the effective strains by comparing the sensory quality of fermented food waste（FFW）.Changes of microorganism and biochemical factors such as true protein and glucose concentration of FFW were investigated during 48h fermentation process.Results showed that 4 strains of L22,Lc,Ydy and S1 were screened,which were preliminary identified that Lc and L22 were lactic acid bacteria,Ydy was yeast and S1 was amylase-producing bacteria respectively.A good fermented flavor occurred by inoculating with Lc,L22 and Ydy.The growth of E.coli was effectively inhibited by Lc and T-VBN content of FFW was only 4.37 mg/100g after 36 h fermentation with Lc.It demonstrated that the strain was benefit to preserve the FFW.The second was Ydy and L22.S1 has no influence on the growth of E.coli and the T-VBN content of FFW reached 13.81 mg/100g after 36 h,which was still within the limitatioon of freshness.The true protein of fermentation groups inoculated with Lc,Ydy were increased by 64.89% and 23.63% respectively,but the changes of true protein content with L22 and S1 were not obvious.Glucose,derived from the decomposition of starch by S1,can be used as carbon source of the growth for Lc,Ydy and L22.The function of Lc is better than that of L22,so a mixture of Lc,Ydy and S1 can be used as a fermenter for FFW fermentation.

关 键 词：厨余 菌株 筛选 发酵 品质 

分 类 号：X792[环境科学与工程—环境工程]