上下文语境对汉语阅读中词汇学习的影响——一项基于自然阅读的调查报告  

The Effects of Context on Chinese Vocabulary Learning during Reading:An Investigation Based on Natural Reading

作　　者：干红梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学对外汉语学院,200234

出　　处：《语言教学与研究》2011年第3期10-16,共7页Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies

基　　金：上海市教育委员会科研创新项目(一般项目;编号为B-7037-10-000011);上海高校选拔培养优秀青年教师科研专项基金(编号为B-7904-09-RE910)的资助

摘　　要：通过自然阅读后的口头报告和录音转写,我们发现上下文语境对自然阅读中的词汇学习有以下影响:语境的丰富程度会影响目标词的学习,强语境能降低词语的学习难度,尤其是对不透明词的学习有显著的促进作用;前语境对学习目标词在语义理解上起到了铺垫和降低难度的作用,比后语境的促进作用更大;语境具有距离效应;不同语义类型的语境影响目标词的学习,但具体情况非常复杂;语境中含否定词的目标词语义容易猜反。Through the post-reading interview after natural reading, this paper examines the context＇ s influence on vocabulary learning. The main results in this study are as follows ： context affects words learning positively and obviously. With sufficient context, nontransparent words can also be well acquired. Double context words acquisition works best, pre-target-word-context learning is more effective than post-target-word-context learning. The distance between the target word and the context has influence on the vocabulary learning： close-distance-context is more effective than long- distance-context. Most of students do not have the awareness to look for long-distance-context. Both antonymous context and synonymous context affect the target word learning, but the influences are very complicated. The context with negative particle （ ＂bu 不＂ or ＂mei 没＂ ） will trigger the wrong understanding of the target word.

关 键 词：自然阅读 上下文语境 词汇学习 

分 类 号：H13[语言文字—汉语]