贫困民族地区农村儿童自我意识影响因素分析  

Self-concept and its related factors among minority children in poor rural area

作　　者：王翠丽[1,2] 孟庆跃[1] 李慧[1] 李军[3] 李林贵[4] 赵苗苗[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学卫生管理与政策研究中心,山东济南250012 [2]山东大学护理学院 [3]山东大学公共卫生学院 [4]宁夏医科大学管理学院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2011年第5期622-624,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：美国中华医学基金会基金(China Medical Board)

摘　　要：目的探讨贫困民族地区儿童自我意识状况及相关因素。方法采用分层整群抽样法抽取宁夏回族自治区固原市7所农村小学2 007名学生,利用P iers-Harris自我意识量表、儿童社交焦虑量表和自编问卷进行自我意识及影响因素调查。结果儿童自我意识总体偏弱,自我意识总分偏低(得分<46分)者占36.6%;自我意识随年龄增长呈递减趋势;女生自我意识总分[(50.96±10.08)分]明显高于男生[(49.91±10.11)分](P<0.05),但易出现情绪问题;汉族学生意识总分及行为、焦虑、合群因子得分分别为(51.35±10.27)、(11.90±2.64)、(9.16±2.63)、(8.37±2.00)分,明显高于回族学生;多元线性回归分析表明,学生社交焦虑、同伴关系、父母关心程度、学习成绩、民族、业余爱好是学生自我意识的影响因素。结论社交焦虑、家庭环境、学校环境、民族特征是影响贫困民族地区儿童自我意识的重要因素。Objective To explore the status and related factors of self-concept among minority children in poor rural area.Methods Totally 2007 pupils in rural areas of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region were selected with hierarchical clustered sampling and investigated with Piers-Harris Children＇s Self-Concept Scale,Social Anxiety Scale for Children,and general questionnaire for demographic information,family and school environment.Results The score of self-concept among the children was significantly lower than that of national norms.Multiple linear regression analyses showed that self-concept was influenced by social anxiety,relationship with classmate,degree of parents caring,learning achievement,nationality,and avocation.Conclusion Social anxiety,family environment,school environment,and nationality play important roles in the developing of self-concept in minority children in poor rural area.

关 键 词：自我意识 社交焦虑 农村儿童 民族地区 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]