青藏高原隆起及海陆分布变化对亚洲大陆气候的影响  

IMPACT OF UPLIFT OF QINGHAI-XIZANG PLATEAU AND CHANGE OF LAND-OCEAN DISTRIBUTION ONCLIMATE OVER ASIA

作　　者：陈隆勋[1] 刘骥平[1] 周秀骥[1] 汪品先[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081 [2]同济大学海洋地质开放实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《第四纪研究》1999年第4期314-319,共6页Quaternary Sciences

摘　　要：我们利用经过改进的NCARCCMI动力气候模式并综合出一个40～50MaB．P．的下垫面情景，进行了海陆分布和SST分布由古代到现代、青藏高原由隆起初期、隆起到现代高原一半和现代高度共5个情景的数值试验。结果表明，从古代到现代，模拟的中国气候是变冷的并且东部变湿而西北部变干。青藏高原的隆起是模拟出来的中国变冷的主要原因。青藏高原从隆起初期到隆起到现代高度一半时期中国地区降水是增加的，但当继续隆起后降水却有所减少，尤其是中国西北地区。本文还对海陆分布和SST分布变化以及青藏高原隆起对手风环流的影响作了分析。Using an improved CCMI/NCAR climate dynamic model and a combinationdistribution of land-ocean- vegetation during 40- 50Ma B. P. (fig. 1), a series ofnumerical experiments representing different stages of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau(QTP) uplifting and different land-ocean distributions are designed to assess theinfluence of the plateau uplifting and land-ocean distribution variation on Asianclimate changes. The simulated restilts of the control test are close to the presentChinese climatic observations. During 40-50 Ma B.P., the simulated Chinese climateis dry and hot along with little rainfall in the most region aside from some of WestChina.In the course from the ancient stage to the initial stage of the QTP uplift,thesimulated rainfall in China does not obviously increase, but from initial uplift to halfheight of modem QTP the simulated yearly precipitation amplifies in China (Fig.2).However, the rainfall, particularly in the west part of China decreases except forYunnan and Guizhou and Sichuan as the QTP continues to rise, which suggests thatin so far as rainfall is concerned, there possibly exists a 'critical height' that is ashigh as half of the present QTP. From 40-50 MaB. P. to modem time,thetemperature of China obviously becomes cold (Fig.3). There does not exist a 'criticalheight' in temperature. Under the ancient condition, in the eastern Asia there are nomodern low-level winter monsoon (Fig. 4) in mid-latitudes and monsoon in tropicsand tWo upper-level strong westerly jets and the merge of the two jets downstream ofQTP (Fig. 5). In summer the SW monsoon enters into the mainland and changesdirection and then reaches West China, resulting in the circulation condition which is helpful to much precipitation (Fig. 6, 7). The effect of the plateau uplift on the Chinese climate predominantly makes the place colder and from the early stage to the half height the rainfall in China remarkably amplifies (specially in the west part of China). However, with the continuing uplift the rainfall quickly decreases, partic

关 键 词：青藏高原隆起 古海陆分布 古亚洲气候 古气候 

分 类 号：P532[天文地球—古生物学与地层学] P542.1[天文地球—地质学]