注意力缺陷多动障碍核心缺损:行为抑制还是能量库?  

The Core ADHD Deficit:in Behavioral Inhibition or Energy Library?

作　　者：余雪[1] 刘翔平[1] 金颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学心理学院,北京100875

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2011年第6期42-47,共6页Chinese Journal of Special Education

摘　　要：本研究采用信号停止任务范式,考察不同声音唤醒水平下注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童和普通儿童反应抑制功能的表现,探讨唤醒水平和行为抑制功能之间的关系,以验证行为抑制模型和认知能量模型。研究中注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童15名,普通儿童15名,匹配年龄、年级、性别和智力水平。结果表明:(1)注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童的反应错误率和抑制失败率显著高于普通儿童;(2)中、高唤醒水平下,注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童正确反应的被试内变异性降低,与普通儿童的表现相当;(3)唤醒水平对两类儿童的抑制失败率没有影响。唤醒水平没有提高注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童的行为抑制功能,但促进了其一般反应认知功能,说明能量库缺损并不是比抑制功能更为核心的缺损。This study,by using the stop-signal task,aims to probe into the response and inhibition from 15 ADHD children and 15 normal children（their age,grade,gender,and intelligence taken into account） at varied noise arousal levels,as well as the relationship between the arousal level and the behavioral inhibition,for the purpose of validating the model of behavioral inhibition and the model of cognitive energy.The results show the following：（1） The ADHD children show a significantly higher error rate than the normal children in responsive errors and inhibitory failure.（2） At the medium and high arousal levels,the ADHD children,as well as the normal children,show a reduced internal variability in the correct response.（3） The arousal level has no effect on the two groups of children in the rate of inhibitory failure.The arousal level fails to improve the ADHD children＇s function of behavioral inhibition but improves their general function of responsive recognition,indicating that the energy deficit is not a core deficit,compared with the deficit in the function of behavioral inhibition.

关 键 词：注意力缺陷多动障碍 核心缺损 抑制缺损 能量缺损 唤醒水平 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]