基于观测器的感应电机故障检测方法及应用  

Fault detection method and application of induction motor based on observer

作　　者：张昌凡[1] 黄宜山[1] 邵瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南工业大学电气与信息工程学院,株洲412008

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2011年第6期1337-1343,共7页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(60774069);湖南省自然科学基金(07JJ3118);湖南省科技厅科技计划(2009FJ3008)资助项目

摘　　要：定子绕组和转子绕组的故障是导致感应电机失效的主要原因之一,实时监测电机运行状况不仅可以提高电机运行的可靠性,而且可以避免不必要的经济损失,因此及时而有效地检测感应电机绕组故障是完全有必要的。首先对感应电机定子绕组和转子绕组的故障特性进行分析,并对其故障进行了建模,然后利用感应电机d-q坐标系的状态空间数学模型,提出了一种鲁棒观测器的设计方法,该方法不仅对未知输入扰动具有良好的鲁棒性,而且对绕组故障具有很高的灵敏度,最后对模拟的绕组故障进行了实验,结果证实该方法是正确有效的。同时该方法的提出对实际工程应用也具有一定的参考价值。The fault of stator winding and rotor winding is one of the main failures in induction motor;real-time monitoring motor running situations can not only improve the reliability of motor,but also avoid unnecessary economic losses,so timely and effectively detecting induction motor winding faults is entirely necessary.Firstly,the fault characteristics of induction motor stator winding and rotor winding are analyzed and the failure models are established Then using the state-space mathematical model of induction motor d-q coordinate system,a robust observer design method is proposed,which not only has good robustness for unknown input disturbance,but also has high sensitivity for winding faults.Simulation experiments on simulated winding faults were carried out;results prove that this method is correct and effective.At the same time,the proposed method also has certain reference value in practical engineering application.

关 键 词：感应电机 匝间短路 观测器 故障检测 鲁棒残差 

分 类 号：TP206.3[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]