高浓度难降解工业废水菌种筛选及其降解特性  

Isolation and Characterization of Bacteria Degrading Industrial Wastewater with High Concentration and Hard-degradation

作　　者：吕晶华[1,2] 郑先强[1] 唐运平[1] 段云霞[1] 阳震[3] 李立春[1,2] 张金鸿[1] 张维[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]天津市环境保护科学研究院,天津300191 [2]天津市联合环保工程设计有限公司,天津300191 [3]南开大学石油微生物国家重点实验室,天津300071

出　　处：《城市环境与城市生态》2011年第3期30-33,共4页Urban Environment & Urban Ecology

基　　金：国家"十一五"重大科技支撑计划课题(2008ZX07314-001)

摘　　要：使用富集、稀释涂平板的方法从制药、染料、化工及精细化工、食品等多家工厂的混合高浓度难降解化工废水中筛选到8株细菌,经16S rDNA鉴定为Bacillus aquimaris、Enterobacter、Pseudomonas putida、Microbacterium、Agrobacterium、Alpha proteobacterium、Planococcus rifietoensis,其中两株细菌为Bacillus aquimaris。对各单一菌种生长条件的研究表明,各菌种生长的最适pH为7,最适接种量为15%(v/v),最适生长温度为37℃,其中Pseudomonas putida的最适生长温度为30℃。在最适生长条件下,研究了各单一菌种及不同组合的混合菌种对废水的降解效果,结果表明在单一菌种中Pseudomonas putida对废水的降解效果最优,混合菌的降解效果优于单一菌种的降解效果,混合菌可将废水COD由1 249 mg/L降至97 mg/L,比普通活性污泥对废水的去除率提高了14.7%。Eight bacteria were screened with the method of enrichment and dilution from the mixed wastewater of pharmaceutical,dye,chemical and fine chemical,food industries with high concentration and hard-degradation.The eight bacteria were identified as Bacillus aquimaris,Enterobacter,Pseudomonas putida,Microbacterium,Agrobacterium,Alpha proteobacterium,Planococcus rifietoensis by 16S rDNA identification,two bacteria of them were Bacillus aquimaris.Study on the growth condition of the eight bacteria showed that the optimal pH was 7,the optimal inoculation amount was 15%（v/v） and the optimal growth temperature was 37℃,but Pseudomonas putida was 30℃.The study on degradation of the wastewater by the each single bacterium and the mixed bacteria was carried under the optimal growth condition.The results showed that degradation efficiency of Pseudomonas putida was better than the other single bacterium,and degradation efficiency of the mixed bacteria was better than any single bacterium.COD of the wastewater was degraded from 1 249 mg/L to 97 mg/L by the mixed bacteria,and removal rate was increased to 14.7%,better than the conventional activated sludge.

关 键 词：菌种筛选 16S rDNA鉴定 降解条件 单一菌种 混合菌 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]