城市快速路入口匝道速度控制研究  

On-ramp Speed Control of Urban Expressway

作　　者：刘兰[1] 孙剑[1] 李克平[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室,上海201804

出　　处：《交通信息与安全》2011年第3期15-19,共5页Journal of Transport Information and Safety

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:61004113)资助

摘　　要：针对现有城市快速路入口匝道控制方法中驶入匝道的车辆需停车后才能汇入主线的典型问题,提出了对城市快速路入口匝道进行速度控制的方法。以速度为控制参量,在传统的需求-容量控制的基础上,提出了匝道汇入速度控制方法,使匝道上的车辆能够不停车地汇入主线;根据快速路主线上下游的通行能力以及运行特征,得到匝道汇入率,再由交通流基本流密速关系,确定匝道上车辆的控制速度。以上海市典型匝道———内环内侧武宁路上匝道为例,借助Vissim仿真软件,建立微观仿真模型,对该入口匝道进行速度控制的仿真评价。结果表明,与定时控制和无控制相比,对入口匝道进行速度控制可以减少路网平均延误和匝道平均延误,提高主线下游平均车速;减少匝道车辆平均停车次数。该类方法特别适合于上坡汇入高架快速路的匝道控制。There is a typical problem in current urban expressway on-ramp control methods that vehicles entering into the ramp must stop before merging into the mainline.Based on the traditional demand-capacity control,this paper uses speed as the control parameter and proposes a speed control method to make vehicles merge into the mainline without stops.The ramp merging rate is calculated according to the capacity and operation characteristics of the mainline downstream and upstream.Then,the controlled speed can be determined by the flow-speed-density relationship.Finally,a typical ramp of Wuning Road,an inner ring road in Shanghai,is taken as an example.A micro-simulation model is established to evaluate the speed control method with Vissim.The results show that compared with fixed-time control and non-control,the speed control method could reduce the road network and ramp average delay and improve the average speed of the mainline downstream.At the same time the average number of stops on the ramp is decreased.This speed control method is particularly suitable for the elevated expressway on-ramp where uphill alignment exists.

关 键 词：城市快速路 入口匝道控制 速度控制 仿真评价 

分 类 号：U491.13[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]