西藏牧区居民膳食碘及营养素摄入量调查  

A dietary survey on iodine and other nutrients in pastoral areas of Tibet

作　　者：杜丹[1] 李素梅[1] 李秀维[1] 王海燕[1] 李淑华[1] 尼玛仓决 旦增桑布 庄广秀[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所国家碘缺乏病参照实验室,北京102206 [2]西藏自治区地方病防治研究所

出　　处：《中国地方病防治》2011年第3期168-171,共4页Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases

摘　　要：目的调查西藏牧区居民膳食碘和其他与碘缺乏病相关的营养素摄入量,评价人群碘营养状况。方法在研究点当雄县牧区和对照点曲水县农区各抽取30户家庭,采用24 h回顾法对成年男子、育龄妇女及8~10岁儿童进行连续3天的膳食调查,采集家庭饮用水、食用盐、主要食物样品检测碘含量,计算每日碘摄入量和蛋白质、维生素等营养素摄入量。结果西藏牧区和对照农区每人每日饮水碘摄入量的中位数分别为2.5μg、2.1μg,经检验无统计学显著差异;牧区人均每日膳食碘摄入量高于农区（Z=-8.242,P〈0.001）,但低于推荐摄入量;牧区人群膳食中,除碳水化合物外,其他营养素的摄入均高于农区人群,差异有显著统计学意义（P〈0.001）。结论外环境缺碘的西藏牧区人群膳食碘摄入量不足,但蛋白质、热量、维生素A、铁和硒等营养素供给相对充足,膳食营养因素是牧区碘缺乏病患病率低的一个重要原因。Objective To investigate dietary intake of iodine and other iodine deficiency-related nutrients in the pastoral areas,and evaluate iodine nutrition status of the population.Methods 30 families with target population including children aged 8 to 10,women of child-bearing age and male adults were selected respectively in pastoral Dangxiong County and agricultural Qushui County of Lhasa,three consecutive days of dietary survey with 24-hour history recalls on respondents,the drinking water and edible salt were collected for testing iodine content and the daily intake of iodine,protein,vitamins,etc.were calculated.Results In the pastoral areas and agricultural areas the median iodine intake per capita per day from drinking water were 2.5 μg,2.1 μg,with no statistically significant difference;daily dietary iodine intake per capita in pastoral areas was higher than agricultural areas（Z=-8.242,P0.001）,but lower than the recommended intake;Except carbohydrates,the dietary nutrients intake of pastoral population were significantly higher than the population of agricultural areas（P0.001）.Conclusions In environmental iodine deficiency of Tibet,people were lack of dietary iodine intake,but other nutrients supply including protein,calories,vitamin A,iron and selenium were relatively abundant,which maybe an important factor of the low prevalence rate of Iodine Deficiency Disorders in pastoral areas.

关 键 词：牧区 膳食调查 碘摄入量 营养素 

分 类 号：O613.44[理学—无机化学]