语境对疑问表否定用法的制约性研究  

The Influence of Negative Usage of Questions by Context

作　　者：张晓涛[1] 邹学慧[2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学国际文化交流学院,哈尔滨150080 [2]哈尔滨商业大学文科研究院,哈尔滨150076

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2011年第2期122-126,共5页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目"疑问和否定的构式整合及相通性研究"(09YJC740022);哈尔滨师范大学青年学术骨干资助计划项目"疑问句表否定用法的语义相通性与动因研究"(SGB2009-26)

摘　　要：语境在具体上下文中对答案的显著性造成影响,因此,某一语言表达成为隐喻的第一要素是从语用角度或从语境角度看,它和语境要有明显不合之处。疑问句表否定的用法就是建立在同语境不合的基础上,所以要想真正理解其否定含义,就离不开语境。语境所包含的世界的知识、对话双方的知识、上下文知识和场景知识等因素往往是综合在一起来实现某种作用的。语境对表判断的陈述性含义、其他陈述性含义和表示指令性的含义三种答案的显著性有不同程度的影响。一般否定句对命题的否定是显性的,一般不需要语境来实现理解,而表否定的疑问句由于形式上常常同一般问句基本一致,对命题的否定是隐性的,因此后者对语境的依赖程度很大,要理解疑问句是否表示否定,就离不开语境。Context is very important to understanding the meaning of the sentence.It is very helpful to understand questions＇ negative e meanings.Context containes knowledge of the world,knowledge of roles of interchange,knowledge about the scene etc which affect the negative meaning together.Context affects stating meaning,other stating meaning and prescriptive meaning in different degree.The variability between the negation with interrogative orientation and generalized negative sentence is investigated from the following aspects in Chapter VI,such as pragmatic value,the degree of dependence on the context,negative scope and the position of focus,the negative object and the function of syntax.The negative scope in the generalized negative sentence is quite convergent,while the negative position of interrogative pronoun is more flexible.

关 键 词：语境 否定 疑问句 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]