菠萝蜜的染色体制片优化及核型分析  

Optimization of Chromosome Mounting Technique and Karyotype Analysis of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.)

作　　者：劳世辉[1,2] 魏岳荣[2] 盛鸥[2] 梁国鲁[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学园艺园林学院,重庆400715 [2]广东省农业科学院果树研究所,广州510640

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第16期215-219,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

摘　　要：应用改良的去壁低渗法研究,比较了不同预处理剂对菠萝蜜染色体制片的效果及其染色体数目和核型。结果表明:以0.002mol/L8-羟基喹啉与0.2%秋水仙素(1:1)混合液作为预处理剂,预处理3h效果较好。菠萝蜜的染色体数目为2n=2x=56,为二倍体,主要由中部和近中部着丝点染色体构成,9号染色体上附着1对随体;最长染色体/最短染色体为2.08:1,臂比大于2的染色体占全组染色体的3.5%,属2A核型,核型公式为2n=2M+50m(2SAT)+4sm。本研究首次发现菠萝蜜可能存在B染色体。In this paper, the chromosome number and karyotype of jackfruit was studied after detaching the cell wall and treated with low osmotic solution, and the effects of different pretreatments were also investigated. The results showed that the optimum pretreatment chemical was the mixture of 0.2% colehicine and 0.002 mol/L 8-hydroxyquinoline （1：1）, with the pretreatment time for 3 hours. The karyotype analysis showed that jackfruit was diploid （2n=2x=56）. The ratio of the longest chromosome ｜o the shortest one was 2.08：1, and the arm ration of 3.5% chromosomes was over 2, so that the karyotype formula of jaekfruit was 2n=2M＋50m （2SAT） ＋4sm, belonging to 2A karyotype. It is the first report that the B Chromosome may be in jackfruit.

关 键 词：菠萝蜜 染色体制片 B染色体 核型 

分 类 号：Q23[生物学—细胞生物学]