渤海湾西岸海岸带第四纪地质研究成果概述  

Study of Quaternary Geology on the West Coast of Bohai Bay

作　　者：王宏[1] 李建芬[1] 裴艳东[1] 王福[1] 商志文[1] 田立柱[1] 范昌福[2] 陈永胜[1,3] 刘志广[4] 车继英[5] 宋美钰[6] 耿岩 姜兴钰[1] 苏盛伟[1,3] 王海峰[1,8] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局天津地质调查中心,天津300170 [2]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,北京100037 [3]吉林大学地球科学学院,长春130061 [4]中国地震局第一监测中心,天津300180 [5]中国地质调查局沈阳地质调查中心,沈阳110032 [6]天津地热勘查开发设计院,天津300250 [7]辽宁省冶金地质勘察局地质勘察研究院,鞍山114044 [8]中国地质大学海洋学院,北京100083

出　　处：《地质调查与研究》2011年第2期81-97,共17页Geological Survey and Research

基　　金：国家地质调查项目(1212010540501;1212011120169);国家908专项(908-TJ-01;02;06和07);国家自然科学基金(40872106)

摘　　要：本文简要介绍了天津地质调查中心海岸带与第四纪地质研究所(海岸带近现代地质环境变化研究小组)自1998年承担国土资源大调查任务以来,以滨海新区及渤海湾西岸海岸带为主要研究基地所取得的基本成果:(1)确立了泥质海岸带(沿海低地-潮间带-浅海区)地质环境变化(大致划分为(a)晚更新世以来-"小冰期"、(b")小冰期"结束-现代以及(c)未来50～100年3个时段)的主要研究方向。(2)根据在沿海地区和潮间带-浅海区的近30个揭穿全新统-晚更新统的全取心钻孔岩心(累计进尺1 600 m,其中海区约400 m)的多学科综合研究,探讨了晚更新世以来沿海地区和毗邻浅海区的地层结构、沉积间断、断块构造差异运动和层序地层学。(3)基于沿海低地-潮间带4 000余个Eijkelkamp全取心钻孔(总进尺逾20 000 m),将6～8 m以浅的中晚全新统划分为6～11层,并将它们归并为两个非正式地层单元"灰色单元"和"黄色单元"。前者为潮间带环境(向下可包括潮下带上部),后者为泻湖→盐沼→沼泽环境。通过1/5万区域地质调查(Eijkelkamp钻探、高程测量、综合研究、C-Tech软件对数据的处理),在临港工业区南西150 km2的泻湖-盐沼区进行了浅表地层(11层)的3D表达。进一步又将灰色单元划分为泥质的"马棚口湾式"和砂质的"驴驹河式"两类。(4)在滨海新区约3 000 km2的潮间带下部-浅海区首次开展了系统的测深仪-浅剖仪-全取心机械钻探-海底底质(和浅层)取样-旁侧声呐-单道地震公益性地质-地球物理-古生物-地球化学调查和包括地层学、地球物理学、生物学和年代学(包括年轻沉积物测年)在内的综合研究。将末次冰消期以来潮间带-浅海区沉积物划分为Ua-Uf六层,初步查明了海区沉积层序、底质物质组成、表层沉积速率、埋藏古河道和浅层气分布等。(5)通过不同时期地形图、航片及遥感影像对比,重建了近130年以来As a part of the 13-year long,nationwide Land and Resource Investigations,multidisciplinary studies,concentrated on the coastal Quaternary geology,have been carrying out on the muddy coast of Binhai New Area,Tianjin and adjacent muddy coast along the west Bohai Bay.This paper,as a brief summary,introduces,most conscientiously,the results obtained in the past 13 years as follows. （1） The geoenvironmental changes on the muddy coast（coastal lowland-intertidal zone-shallow sea） have been defined as the main direction and major task. （2） Stratigraphical framework,depositional discontinuities,differential tectonic movements and sequence stratigraphy since the late Pleistocene,ca.140 ka BP,have been discussed based on nearly 30 boreholes of total footage 1 600 m,and,of them 400 m were drilled on the shallow sea. （3） Two informal stratigraphical units,the Gray Unit and the Yellow Unit,occurred in the mid-to late Holocene,as the upper portion of the Marine Bed I,have been set up based on more than 4 000 Eijelkamp cores.The Gray Unit is intertidal while the Yellow Unit is supratidal,including lagoonal-salt marshy-swampy environments.Geological mapping,1/50 000,is able to give further computer-processing pseudo-3D representation. （4） A first non-profitable investigation,including bathymetry-subbottom profiling-fully-coring drilling-subbottom sampling-side sonar-single channel seismology-210↑Pb and 137↑Cs dating of the surficial sediments,has been pursued systematically in the sallow sea area,3 000km^2,west Bohai Bay.The sediments after Deglaciation has been subdivided into 6 units from Ua to Uf. （5） Shoreline migrations of the past 130 years have been reconstructed correlating the historical maps with air photos and satellite images at different years.It can be separated into two stages.The Stage 1,between the end of LIA（Little Ice Age） and the 1950＇s,shoreline changed from tortuous to straightforward with erosion,and the Stage 2,from the 1950＇s up to now,human-influenced accumulation and

关 键 词：泥质海岸带 第四纪地质学 地质环境变化 

分 类 号：P534.63[天文地球—第四纪地质学]