基于视线矢量的深空自主导航算法研究  

Research on Autonomous Navigation Algorithm of Deep Space Based on Line-of-sight Vector

作　　者：朱圣英[1] 常晓华[2] 崔祜涛[2] 崔平远[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学深空探测技术研究所,北京100081 [2]哈尔滨工业大学深空探测基础研究中心,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《空间科学学报》2011年第4期534-540,共7页Chinese Journal of Space Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助(60874094)

摘　　要：针对深空探测器在行星际飞行的轨道确定问题,研究了一种基于视线矢量的自主导航算法.结合深空探测任务的特点,以太阳视线矢量和地球视线矢量作为导航系统的观测量,在详细分析太阳敏感器测量原理的基础上,给出了太阳视线矢量的观测模型及其观测误差表达式.通过分析导航相机观测原理,给出像元像线观测模型,并推导了地球视线矢量的观测误差.根据惯性空间内视线矢量间的几何关系,详细推导了探测器的位置矢量及其误差表达式,结合非线性扩展卡尔曼滤波建立自主导航算法.利用深度撞击任务的实际飞行数据对本文提出的深空自主导航算法进行了仿真验证.In this paper, an autonomous navigation algorithm is based on Line-of-Sight （LOS） vector in order to solve the orbit determination problem of deep space probe during the interplanetary phase. Considering the characters of the deep space mission, the Sun LOS vector and Earth LOS vector are served as the measurement of the navigation system. Following the measurement principle of the Sun senor, the corresponding measurement model and error expression of Sun LOS vector are derived. The measurement model of the pixel and line in the camera coordinates is given through the analysis of the navigation camera, and the measurement error of Earth LOS vector is deduced. The position vector and its error expression are derived in detail based on the geometric relation of the LOS vectors in the inertial space. Finally, the autonomous navigation algorithm is established utilizing extended Kalman filter, and is demonstrated by the practical data of Deep Impact mission.

关 键 词：视线矢量 自主导航 太阳敏感器 导航相机 

分 类 号：V448.224[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]