2005-2009年广西食物中毒突发公共卫生事件调查研究  

Survey on Public Health Emergencies of Food Poisoning in Guangxi During the Period of 2005～2009

作　　者：王学燕[1] 龚健[1] 雷芝樱[1] 吴秀玲[1] 邓革红[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心,广西南宁530028

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2011年第6期1039-1042,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解广西食物中毒突发公共卫生事件的流行病学特点,为有效预防和控制食物中毒突发公共卫生事件的发生提供科学依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法对2005-2009年广西报告食物中毒突发公共卫生事件进行分析。结果 2005-2009年广西报告食物中毒事件209起,进食53 260人,中毒发病4 941例,死亡72人,中毒发病率为92.77‰,中毒死亡率为1.35‰,病死率为1.46%。食物中毒事件数、中毒发病人数占广西同期突发公共卫生事件的比例均为第二位,而中毒死亡人数则为第一位。2007年以来食物中毒事件数、死亡人数逐年减少,报告事件数、中毒发病人数、中毒死亡人数最少的年份均是2009年。中毒起数和发病人数最多的是微生物性中毒,死亡人数最多和病死率最高的是动植物性中毒,发病率和死亡率最高的是农药及化学性中毒。农村中毒事件数多于城市。中毒事件数最多的月份是6月份和9月份;食物中毒的主要场所为乡镇和农村的家庭,其次为学校和幼托机构。生熟交叉污染、误用有毒品种、原料污染或变质为食物中毒的三大主要原因。结论食物中毒是广西主要突发公共卫生事件之一,应加强对食品微生物性污染和腐败变质的控制。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies of food poisoning in Guangxi,and to provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and control of public health emergencies of food poisoning.Methods The data of public health emergencies of food poisoning reported in Guangxi from 2005 to 2009 were analyzed using a descriptive epidemiology method.Results The number of food poisoning events reported in Guangxi from 2005 to 2009 was 209.There were 53,260 individuals exposed in the events.The number of the patients was 4,941,and the number of death cases caused by the events was 72.The morbidity rate,mortality rate and fatality rate were 92.77‰,1.35‰,and 1.46%,respectively.The number of food poisoning events and the number of patients caused by the events both ranked at the second place among public health emergencies in Guangxi at the same time,while the number of death cases ranked at the first place.The number of the events and the number of death cases tended to decrease from 2007.The number of reported events,the number of patients and the number of death cases caused by the events were the least in 2009.Most of the events and most of the patients were caused by microbial food poisoning.Most of death cases and the highest fatality rate were found in the cases caused by plant and animal food poisoning.The highest morbidity rate and the highest mortality rate were both found in the cases caused by pesticide and chemical.There were more events occurred in countryside than in city.Most of the events occurred in June and September each year.The major sites were the families in town and countryside,followed by schools and kindergartens.The three major reasons causing food poisoning were cross-contamination through raw and cooked food,mis-eating poisoning food,and using contaminated or deteriorated raw food.Conclusions Food poisoning is one of public health emergencies in Guangxi.The surveillance of food with microbial contamination and deteriorated food should be enhanc

关 键 词：食物中毒 突发公共卫生事件 描述流行病学 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]