动态助词“过”的语法化历程  

The Grammaticalized Course of Dynamic Particle guo

作　　者：王世群[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京审计学院国际文化交流学院,江苏南京211815

出　　处：《南京审计学院学报》2011年第3期85-90,共6页journal of nanjing audit university

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(10BXW007);江苏省社会科学基金项目(08YYD012);江苏省教育厅高等学校哲学社会科学基金项目(09SJB740010)

摘　　要：动态助词"过"一般分为"过1"和其中"过2","过1"表示动作的完结,"过2"表示曾然。其语法化历程为:一般动词"过"→趋向动词"过"→动态助词"过1"→动态助词"过2"。动态助词"过1"和"过2"的演变又可分别区分为两个阶段,即演变发生和演变扩散。就形成机制而言,"过1"的产生主要是受隐喻、类推以及重新分析的作用,趋向动词"过"的形成是"过1"产生的关键;而"过2"是"过1"吸收了助词"来"及其经常出现的句法环境的语法意义而产生的,可以说是"过1"在特殊语境下的产物。Dynamic particle guo is divided into guo1 and guo2.Guo1 means that the action completed.Guo2 means the action has occurred.The grammaticalized course is ＂general verb guo → trend verb guo → dynamic particle guo1 → dynamic particle guo2＂.The evolution of dynamic particle guo in fact is divided into two parts： the occurrence and the spread.The formation of guo1 is mainly due to the role of metaphor,analogy,as well as reanalysis.The formation of trend verb guo is the key to the generation of guo1.Because guo1 absorbed particle lai and its syntactic significance,so guo2 formed.It can be said that guo2 is the product of guo1 in the special context.

关 键 词：过1 过2 动态助词 语法化 演变发生 演变扩散 语法演变 语法创新 语境吸收 

分 类 号：H461.1[语言文字]