湘江长沙段污染沉积物中微生物群落结构与污染物关联性的研究  

CORRELATION BETWEEN POLLUTANTS AND MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN THE OUTFALL SEDIMENTS OF THE XIANG-JIANG RIVER NEAR CHANGSHA CITY

作　　者：高健[1] 邓先余[1] 许爱清[1] 康健[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学生命科学学院,湘潭411201

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2011年第2期237-243,共7页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：湖南省自然科学市州联合基金资助项目;10JJ9004号;湖南省教育厅资助项目;09C378号

摘　　要：采用ICP-AES测试方法及PCA和PCR-RFLP分析技术,研究了湘江长沙段污染沉积物中微生物群落结构(主要是古细菌群落结构)与污染物的关联性。结果表明:(1)三个取样区域的不同污染物的污染程度呈现出明显的差异性;(2)所取样点的微生物群落结构主要分布在广古菌门(Euryarchaeota)和泉古菌门(Crenarchaeota)两个分区,其中75%的克隆隶属于Euryarchaeota中的甲烷微菌纲(Methanomicrobia),这表明Methanomicrobia是所测样品的优势古生菌;(3)进一步研究发现,基于OTUs数据和理化特性数据的PCA分析的结果具有一致性,因此,样品的污染状况明显影响微生物群落结构的组成。Using ICP-AES, PCA and PCR-RFLP methods, correlations between pollutants and microbial community structure, mostly the community structure of archaea, in the outfall sediments of the Xiangjiang River near Changsha City were studied. ICP-AES analysis indicated that there were significant differences between the pollution levels of three sampling areas. In five sampling sites, a total of 707 screened clones were selected and categorized into 349 operational taxonomic units （OTUs） using restriction enzyme analysis. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the sequenced clones mostly belonged to two phylums： Crenarchaeota and Euryarchaeota, in which Methanomicrobia accounted for 75% of the total clones. Furthermore, the results of PCA analysis on OTUs distribution in these five sampling sites were consistent with those from the PCA analysis on geochemical characteristics. This consistency fully demonstrated that the composition of microbial communities can be significantly affected by pollution level. The results obtained in this study may be important not only in further clarifying microbial adaptation mechanism to the environment, but also in providing theoretical basis and guidance for microbial remediation of polluted environment.

关 键 词：PCR-RFLP分析技术 ICP-AES测试方法 PCA分析 系统发育分析 群落结构 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]