面孔内隐认知的事件相关电位研究  

Event-related potentials in the implicit recognition of faces

作　　者：吴文[1] 吴宗耀[2] 罗跃嘉[3] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学珠江医院康复医学科,广州510282 [2]第三军医大学西南医院康复医学科 [3]北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习研究所

出　　处：《中华物理医学与康复杂志》2011年第7期514-517,共4页Chinese Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金（5300463）;广东省科技计划项目（2007B031402007）

摘　　要：目的探讨面孔加工是否具有内隐认知特征，内隐方式下面孔加工的事件相关电位（ERPs）是否仍具有特异性、倒置效应、异族效应。方法健康受试者20名，其中男10名，女10名，对所有受试者继随机呈现正立和倒置方向的东方面孔、西方面孔、正立方向的狗面孑L和手机照片，每张照片的中央下方均有一个含6个小写字母的字符串，其中50％的字符串中有字母“f”。受试者的任务是注意字符串中是否有“f”字母，有“f”的用左手拇指按“1”键，无“f”的用右手拇指按“4”键。同步记录行为学及脑电数据。结果P100波幅有刺激类型主效应，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），多重比较显示手机的P100波幅最大（9．5μV），其次为狗面孔的（7．5μV），最小的是人类面孔的P100波幅（6．9μV），东、西方面孔在正立及倒置的P100波幅差异无统计学意义；N170波幅有刺激类型主效应，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），人面孔N170波幅最大，依次比狗面孔的（-1．9μV）和手机的（0．5μV）。P170波幅有刺激类型主效应，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），人面孔的P170波幅（7．8μV）比手机的（5．1μV）和狗面孔的（5．2pV）增大；P170潜伏期有刺激类型主效应，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），人面孔的P170潜伏期（162．2ms）比狗面孔（约174．4ms）和手机的（173．5ms）潜伏期短。正立的东西方面孔和倒置的东西方面孔P170波幅差异无统计学意义。结论面孔在内隐加工方式下的ERPs显示可能存在刺激材料类型特异性，无倒置效应和异族效应。Objective To use event-related potentials to identify whether face recognition is implicit, and to investigate specificity, race and inversion effects in face recognition. Methods Upright and inverted photographs of Eastern and Western human faces, upright dog faces and a mobile phone were presented in random order for 150 ms to 20 healthy subjects. The subject＇s attention was diverted away to search for the letter ＂ f ＂ in 6 small letters below the photos. Behavioral data were recorded synchronous with event-related potentials （ERPs）. Results The P100, Nl70 and P170 potentials were enhanced and accelerated by faces compared with non-face images. The amplitude of P100 had the strongest correlation with the type of stimulus, showing the biggest amplitude with the mobile phone image （9. 5 μV）, followed by the dog face （7. 5 pN）. The weakest amplitude was evoked by the human face （6.9 μV）. The amplitude of N170 responded most strongly to the human face, followed by the mobile phone （0.5μV ） and the dog face （ - 1.9μV）. The P170 amplitude was largest with the human face and the latency was shortest （7.8μV and 162.2 ms） , followed by the dog face （5.2μV, 174.4 ms） and the mobile phone （5.1 μV, 173.5 ms）. ERP components were not affected by the orientations or races of the faces in this situation. No difference was found in the late positive component evoked by the human faces and other images. Conclusions Implicit face recognition may depend on the specifics of the stimulus, although no race effect or inversion effect was detected using this procedure.

关 键 词：面孔识别 内隐认知 事件相关电位 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]