3d过渡金属离子在晶体中的光学和磁学性质理论研究的基础和现状  

The Optical and Magnetic Properties of 3d Transition-metal Ions in Crystals:A Review of Theoretical Bases and Current Study Situations

作　　者：周一阳[1] 高玲玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学固体物理研究所,四川成都610066

出　　处：《四川师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第4期569-582,共14页Journal of Sichuan Normal University（Natural Science）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51074155)资助项目

摘　　要：3d过渡金属离子研究较多的是V2+、Cr2+、Cr3+、Mn2+、Mn3+、Fe2+、Fe3+、Co2+、Ni2+和Cu2+,它们是一类活跃的金属离子,包含这些离子的晶体的光学和磁学性质大多决定于这些离子,这些离子掺杂在其它晶体中常会很大地改变原晶体的物理和化学性质,因而一直是实验和理论研究的热点.介绍了3d过渡金属离子在晶体中的光学和磁学性质研究的理论基础——被广泛应用的晶体场理论近似和分子轨道理论近似,分析了晶体场理论在研究共价晶体特别是半导体中遇到的困难;讨论了分子轨道模型和双旋轨耦合模型应用中所面临的问题.列举了近年来关于3d过渡金属离子在晶体中的光吸收谱、电子顺磁共振谱、塞曼谱、磁化强度、磁化率、磁比热等光学和磁学性质理论研究中取得的成果和遇到的困难,还对一些3d过渡金属离子在晶体中的某些光学和磁学性质进一步的理论研究做了展望.A great interest has been devoted to 3d transition metal ions,such as V2＋,Cr2＋,Cr3＋,Mn2＋,Mn3＋,Fe2＋,Fe3＋,Co2＋,Ni2＋ and Cu2＋,the optical and magnetic properties of the crystals which contain these metal ions almost depend on the ions.These ions which are doped into other crystals always greatly change the physical and chemical properties of the original crystals,so they are hot studied experimentally and theoretically.This review introduces the crystal-field and molecular-orbital approximation approaches,the theoretical foundation of the research of the optical and magnetic properties of these metal ions in crystals,analyzes the difficulties encountered in the research of the covalent crystals especially of the semiconductors with the crystal-field theory,comments the applications of the molecular orbit model and double spin-orbit coupling model approximations,and discusses the results and difficulties of the study on the optical and magnetic properties of the ions in crystals,such as optical absorption spectra,EPR spectra,Zeeman spectra,susceptibility,magnetization,magnetic specific heat,and so on.In addition,this review puts forward the prospects of the future research about some kinds of special optical and magnetic properties of some 3d metal ions in the crystals.

关 键 词：3d过渡金属离子 晶体场理论 配位场理论 分子轨道理论 光谱 电子顺磁共振谱 磁化强度 磁化率 

分 类 号：O482.3[理学—固体物理] O482.5[理学—物理]