高校教师聘任制改革背景下学术工作的分层与分割  

Stratification and Segmentation of Academic Work under the Faculty Employment Reform in Chinese Higher Education

作　　者：卢乃桂[1] 李琳琳[1] 黎万红[1] 

机构地区：[1]香港中文大学教育行政与政策系

出　　处：《高等教育研究》2011年第7期56-62,共7页Journal of Higher Education

基　　金：香港中文大学资助课题(ED07833)

摘　　要：随着新管理主义成为全球高等教育改革的核心话语,中国高校推行的教师聘任制改革对学术工作产生了不容忽视的影响。问卷调查和文本分析发现,在这一背景下,教师的学术工作在不同的机构、学科和职位之间出现了多重的分层与分割。结合学术工作相关的理论和研究,特别是博耶的学术观来看,这种分层与分割只重视"发现的学术","教学与应用的学术"被边缘化,"整合的学术"也有待进一步发展。这种结构不利于学术工作的相互促进和协调统一。这一现象背后的原因在于,政府、市场和学术精英三者对学术工作不同方面的牵制力量强弱不均。纵向研究和论文专著的发表成为政府的关注对象,而横向研究则主要受到市场的影响,教学工作更多地受到学术精英的制约。因此,建立完善统一的学术观并在相应的制度建设中予以保障,是中国高等教育发展的当务之急。With the rise of new managerialism, higher education institutions in the Ghl- nese Mainland have initiated important reform in the faculty employment system. Such sys- temic change has affected academic work profoundly. Based on the findings of a questionnaire survey and an analysis of relevant policy documents, this paper argues that academic work in China has been stratified among different institution, discipline and academic status, thus causing considerable segmentation. Taking reference of an ongoing international discussion on academic work, especially Boyer＇ s four types of scholarship, the paper concludes that stratification and segmentation of academic work in the Chinese Mainland have favored thescholarship of discovery while scholarship of teaching and application have been marginal- ized. Scholarship of integration remains an area in need of further development. Within such a structure, academic work is in need of balance and cohesiveness. Problems of the present structure can be attributed to competing demands on academic work as articulated by the state, the market and the academic oligarchy. Each party has its own interests to be served by the academics： basic/theoretical research projects, scholarly journal publications and monographs are emphasized by the state; involvement in the applied research projects is driv- en by the market, and teaching activities on campus are bounded to the academic oligarchy. Therefore, it is essential to construct a relative integrate academic view and related support- ive institutions for the development of China＇s higher education.

关 键 词：学术工作 教学 科研 服务 高校教师聘任制改革 

分 类 号：G649.21[文化科学—高等教育学]