异质性“通道”与跨国公司地方化结网--以苏州工业园为例  

Heterogeneous "channels" and localized networking of transnational corporations:Case of Suzhou Industrial Park

作　　者：艾少伟[1] 苗长虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学黄河文明与可持续发展研究中心,河南大学环境与规划学院,开封475001

出　　处：《地理研究》2011年第8期1483-1498,共16页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41071081,40671049,41001072)

摘　　要：在经济全球化时代,跨国公司是开发区形成、发展和演进的关键驱动力量。在多种异质性行为主体交互作用所形成的"学习场"中,跨国公司要实现其全球化和本土化战略,就必须与开发区政府和本土企业之间建立有效的地方化结网"通道"。其中,"政策通道"首先为其提供了最基本的"通道"保障,成为跨国公司进驻开发区的初始动因。通过技术、市场等各种"关联通道"对经济社会关系的拓展而形成的集聚成为跨国公司在开发区的主要集聚形态;"价值链通道"则最终形成了全球性力量与地方性力量之间的对接。因此,跨国公司在开发区的地方化结网过程在很大程度上是"政策通道"、"关联通道"和"价值链通道"的复杂演进过程。从演进机制上看,跨国公司在开发区的地方化结网,存在"地理接近-关系接近-制度接近"等接近机制一般认识过程的"逆向"特征。在这些接近机制的综合作用下,"政策通道"、"关联通道"和"价值链通道"等开发区内外相互交织的"异质性通道网络"在跨国公司地方化结网中发挥了关键的联结作用。In the era of economic globalization,transnational corporations are the key driving forces of formation,development and evolution of development zones.In the ＂learning field＂ of the interaction of a variety of heterogeneous actors,TNCs must establish an effective localized nexus ＂channels＂ between local governments and local enterprises in order to achieve its globalization and localization strategy.First of all,＂policy-channel＂ provides the most basic ＂channel＂ protection for TNCs,and becomes the first motivation of TNCs entering development zones.Secondly,the agglomeration-associated becomes the main type of TNCs in the development zones through the expansion of economic and social relations of technology,market and other aspects of ＂associated-channel＂.Finally,＂value-chain-channel＂ will contribute to the fusion between the global forces and local forces.Therefore,to a large extent,the localized networking process of TNCs in the development zones is the evolutionary process of ＂policy-channel＂,＂associated-channel＂ and ＂value-chain-channel＂.Seen from a perspective of evolution mechanism,the localized networking of TNCs is characterized by the ＂reverse＂ feature of ＂geographical proximity-relational proximity-institutional proximity＂ mechanism.In the combination of proximity mechanisms,the ＂heterogeneous channel networks＂ comprising ＂ policy-channel＂,＂associated-channel＂ and ＂value-chain-channel＂ play a crucial role in the localized networking process of TNCs.

关 键 词：学习场 通道 跨国公司 地方化结网 苏州工业园 

分 类 号：F276.7[经济管理—企业管理]