基于渔业调查的南极半岛北部水域南极磷虾种群年龄结构分析  

Population age structure of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba off the northern Antarctic Peninsula based on fishery survey

作　　者：朱国平[1,2] 吴强[3] 冯春雷[4] 许柳雄[1,2] 陈新军[1,2] 黄洪亮[4] 陈雪忠[4] 赵宪勇[3] 

机构地区：[1]大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海海洋大学,上海201306 [2]上海市高校大洋生物资源开发和利用重点实验室,上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [3]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所渔业资源室,山东青岛266071 [4]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室,上海200090

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第16期4620-4627,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家“863”计划项目(2007AA092202);教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金新教师基金项目(20093104120005);上海市重点学科建设项目(S30702);南极海洋生物资源开发与利用项目(D-8003-09-0158)

摘　　要：依据2009—2010年南极海洋生物资源开发与利用项目调查期间在南极半岛北部(南设得兰群岛和南奥克尼群岛)水域收集的南极磷虾样本,应用Bhattacharya法分析了该水域南极磷虾的种群年龄结构。结果表明,1月份南极磷虾体长范围分布在38.2—64.0mm,2月份体长范围分布在33.2—59.0mm,且1月份和2月份体长分布并不存在显著性差异(K-S检验,Z=1.061,P=0.211>0.05);种群内最多可能包含5个年龄组,即2+,3+,4+,5+和6+龄虾。年龄组成的区域变化较大,2+龄虾仅在个别区域存在;1月份5+龄在种群中所占比例显著高于其它年龄组(57.23%),其次为4+龄(23.42%),而2月份6+龄(53.29%)所占比例也显著高于其它年龄组,其次为3+龄(25.85%)。Antarctic krill,Euphausia superba Dana,is an important species in the Southern Ocean ecosystem.In the waters around South Orkney Islands,Antarctic krill contribute to a majority of the zooplankton biomass,forming a direct link between primary production and large top predators of the Antarctic.Thus,knowledge of the ecology and population dynamics of krill is fundamental to our understanding of the dynamics of the Southern Ocean ecosystem.The Antarctic krill is currently the major subject of biological research in the Antarctic.Despite considerable efforts to elucidate its life history and ecology,many questions are still un-answered. As one of the most abundant living resources in the world,Antarctic krill has received increasing attention for its huge biomass,potential fishery resource and ecological roles in the Antarctic waters.Much of this attention has been focused on defining its longevity and growth characteristics,important parameters needed in the assessment and management of a fishery.However,the age of Antarctic krill has not been determined reliably,limiting our understanding of life history parameters that regulate the population dynamics of krill.Age structures of Antarctic krill sampled from the waters of the northern Antarctic Peninsula（South Shetland Islands and the South Orkney Islands） in austral summer of 2009/2010 were analyzed by the Bhattacharya method based on the length frequency data.The results showed that the standard length ranged from 38.2 to 64.0 mm in January and 33.2 to 59.0 mm in February,and there was no significant difference for the standard length distribution of Antarctic krill between January and February（K-S test,Z=1.061,P=0.2110.05）.Antarctic krill population might consist of as many as five age-groups from 2＋,3＋,4＋,5＋ and 6＋.Great differences can be found for the age structure of samples collected at different stations,age group 2＋ only existed in the isolated area.The age-group 5＋（57.23%） was dominant in the population and followed by age group

关 键 词：南极磷虾 种群年龄结构 体长频度法 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]