华南沿海4种主要污损生物幼虫和孢子的采集与培养技术  

Collection and culture for larvae and spores of four common fouling species in coastal waters of southern China

作　　者：严涛[1,2] 谢恩义[3] 曹文浩[1,2] 刘姗姗[1,2] 何毛贤[1,2] 董钰[1] 严文侠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广东广州510301 [2]中国科学院大亚湾海洋生物综合实验站,广东深圳518121 [3]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2011年第3期56-61,共6页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：广东省海洋与渔业科技专项(深水网箱抗附着研究);国家自然科学基金项目(40706046);中国科学院南海海洋研究所知识创新工程前沿项目(LYQY200703)

摘　　要：海洋污损生物附着是增加海上作业成本、影响设施安全和缩短其使用年限的重要因素,掌握海洋污损生物幼虫和孢子的采集与培养技术是开展防除研究工作的基础。网纹藤壶Balanus reticulatus、缘管浒苔Enteromorpha linza、石莼Ulva lactuca和细基江蓠Gracilaria tenuistipitata是华南沿海主要的污损生物种类。研究上述4种污损生物幼虫和孢子的采集与培养技术,结果显示,网纹藤壶无节幼虫于30℃黑暗环境中培养,5d左右即可发育为金星幼虫,可将其在4℃条件下储存备用。强度为4000lx的光照射缘管浒苔和石莼,可刺激其游孢子大量释放;细基江蓠经阴干处理再浸泡海水,可诱导其果孢子的放散。每天接受900—1300lx光照12h,室温(21—26℃)下培养4d,是观察缘管浒苔和石莼游孢子附着萌发的最佳条件,而细基江蓠果孢子的附着萌发观察则以室温(18—23℃)下培养2d为宜。Biofouling on marine installations is a major factor of increasing operation cost and affecting their safety and ser-vice life.Acorn barnacle Balanus reticulatus,green algae Enteromorpha linza and Ulva lactuca,and red alga Gracilaria tenuistipitata are common fouling species in the coastal waters of southern China.This paper deals with the method for the collection and culture of their larvae and spores.Nauplii of acorn barnacle B.reticulatus was reared in darkness at 30℃ for 5 days,and then metamorphosed to cyprids that could be stored at 4℃.A large number of zoospores released when green algae E.linza and U.lactuca were irradiated at the light intensity of 4000lx.Concerning the red alga G.tenuistipitata,carpospore release was induced after the thalli was treated by shade drying first and then immersed in seawater.The spore germination of the green algae E.linza and U.lactuca was observed after being incubated at a room temperature（21？26℃） with 900？1300lx light intensity on a 12h light and 12h darkness cycle for four days,and red alga G.tenuistipitata was at 18？23℃ for two days.

关 键 词：海洋污损生物 幼虫 孢子 培养 

分 类 号：P735.1[天文地球—海洋生物学]