詹姆斯心理学的现象学转向及其理论意蕴  

On the Phenomenological Turn in William James's Psychology and Its Theoretical Significance

作　　者：高申春[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学哲学社会学院,长春130012

出　　处：《心理科学》2011年第4期1006-1011,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：吉林省社会科学基金项目(2008Bzx01);吉林大学哲学社会科学研究项目(2006JP03)资助

摘　　要：本文在阐明詹姆斯心理学的出发点、并考察其心理学思想的探索和突破的基础上指出,詹姆斯关于心理学的思想历程无疑经历了一个根本的转向;又结合与胡塞尔现象学的比较认为,转向之后的詹姆斯的心理学思想的潜在意义,只有借用胡塞尔现象学的思想框架和概念工具,才能得到有效表达和进一步发展。文章最后还暗示了詹姆斯心理学思想的现象学转向对理解并构建心理学学科同一性的潜在意义。It has been widely recognized and well documented that a comparative rereading of William James with Edmund Husserl＇s phenomenology as the referential background reveals a striking similarity between the two thinkers. Many authors have discussed the similarity from different aspects and explored the historical significance of James＇ s irtfluenee on Husserl＇ s development with a philosophicsl motive to establish James＇ s position in the early history of phenomenology as an intellectual movement. The guiding theme of these investigations is, on the whole, philosophically phenomenological. Unfortunately, a psychological consideration concerning the theoretical reeonstruction of psychology＇s disciplinary identity has attracted far less attention and devotion. It is against this background that the present paper came into being. By explaining the natural science point of departure in the psychology of William James and examining the process of his investigations and breakthroughs, the paper argues that there is no doubt a fundamental turnabout in James＇s psychological thinking. The rationale for this tumahout is James＇s metaphysical pursuit ：of radical empiricism, which played a subtle and critical role in the writing of his The Principles of Psychology. Owing to various reasons, however, this turnabout is not easy to grasp, especially when one confines himself within the domain of James＇s own doctrines. As a result of this, the implicit theoretical significance and implications of James＇s psychological thinking after his tumahoui, which might be termed as a psychology that is radically empirical, are difficult to be realized. A comparative study reveals that, ontologically or methodologically, James＇ s radical empiricism as metaphysics is homogeneous and commensurable with Husserl＇ s phenomenology, which historically survived the twentieth century as the main stream. Thanks to Husserl＇s development of his phenomenology, the life of James＇s psychology revived during the middle of the centur

关 键 词：詹姆斯 心理学 形而上学 彻底经验主义 现象学转向 

分 类 号：B84-06[哲学宗教—基础心理学]