一种改进的混合交通交叉口安全仿真评价方法  

An Improved Traffic Safety Simulation Method for Mixed-traffic Intersection

作　　者：孙剑[1] 赵莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2011年第6期32-37,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(61004113);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAJ18B07)

摘　　要：为解决经典冲突分析模型SSAM中最小碰撞时间方法在冲突仿真中的不足,根据混合交通中机动车、非机动车及行人的运行特征并基于交通冲突理论,提出在交通仿真模型中易于实现的冲突时刻差法,即通过测量任意2股车流经过潜在冲突点的时间,计算冲突发生的时间差值。该方法可以通过交通仿真软件的二次开发方便地实现对混合交叉口交通安全状况的评估。最后以典型混合交通交叉口绿灯间隔评价为例,对比分析了2种方法的适用性。结果表明,冲突时刻差法比最小碰撞时间法更能细致刻画交叉口的安全水平;在不同的绿灯间隔水平下,后一种方法比前者漏检80%以上的交通冲突,冲突时刻差法更能适应混合交通交叉口安全仿真分析评价的需要。To resolve the shortage in classical conflict simulation model SSAM,according to operating characteristics of motorized and non-motorized vehicles and pedestrians in the mixed traffic environment,and based on traffic conflict theory,the ＂conflict time difference＂ model that is easy to realize in traffic simulation is proposed.The new method calculates the time difference by measuring the time of two stocks of traffic flow passing through the potential conflict points.This method can be easily implemented in assessing intersection traffic safety for mixed traffic environment through the reprogramming of traffic simulation software.Finally,taking the safety evaluation of inter-green time design in a typical mixed traffic intersection as an example,the applicability of the two methods is comparatively analyzed.Results show that the ＂conflict time difference＂ method depicts more detailedly intersection safety than the ＂minimum collision time＂ method.Analysis on the safety index sensibility under multi-scenarios of different inter-green times shows that the latter method undetected more than 80% traffic conflicts than the new one,the ＂conflict time difference＂ method can adapt better to the simulation of mixed traffic intersection safety evaluation.

关 键 词：交叉口 混合交通 安全评价 交通冲突 微观仿真 

分 类 号：X951[环境科学与工程—安全科学]