轮胎多边形磨损的发生机理及其影响因素分析  

Analysis on generation mechanism and impact factors of polygonal wear of tire

作　　者：李勇[1] 左曙光[1] 杨宪武[1] 吴旭东[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学汽车学院,上海201804

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2011年第9期6-9,14,共5页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(505751635;0775162)

摘　　要：考虑轮胎接地磨擦的非线性特性,采用由能量法确定的胎面单元侧向刚度计算公式,建立了基于胎面侧向振动的轮胎多边形磨损动力学模型,探讨轮胎多边形磨损现象的发生机理,并通过数值仿真分析了车速、轮胎前束角和垂向载荷对轮胎磨损的影响。结果表明:轮胎多边形磨损为胎面均匀磨损和扰动磨损叠加引起的周向不均匀磨损,是一种典型的非线性自激振动现象,其发生与胎面的侧向振动有关;以李雅普诺夫稳定性理论为基础,指出轮胎的自激振动是一种由系统Hopf分岔引起的稳定周期振动现象;高速、较大的前束角和超载是导致轮胎产生多边形磨损的可能原因。Considering the nonlinear characteristics of tire＇s grounding friction and using the calculation formula of lateral stiffness obtained by energy method,a dynamic model of the polygonal wear of tire was established based on the lateral vibration of tire tread.Utilizing the model,the generation mechanism of polygonal wear was discussed,and the effects of speed,toe-in angle and vertical load on tire wear were analyzed through numerical simulation.The results show that： the polygonal wear is a circumferential uneven wear which is the overlap of even wear and disturbance wear caused by the tread＇s lateral self-excited vibration,a typical nonlinear vibration phenomenon.Based on Lyapunov stability theory,the self-excited vibration of tire was proved to be a kind of stable periodic vibration caused by Hopf bifurcation of system.High speed,large toe-in angle and overload are the possible reasons which lead to polygonal wear of tire.

关 键 词：多边形磨损 发生机理 自激振动 HOPF分岔 数值仿真 

分 类 号：U463.341.4[机械工程—车辆工程]