从研究方法看20世纪50年代以来的国际口译研究  

A Methodological Review of the International Interpreting Studies Since the 1950s

作　　者：张吉良[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳大学外国语学院

出　　处：《外语与外语教学》2011年第5期63-68,共6页Foreign Languages and Their Teaching

摘　　要：本文通过对国际口译研究文献的系统梳理，考察了口译研究方法的变化历程。研究发现：20世纪50年代的口译研究主要是职业译员的个人经验总结；20世纪60年代到70年代初，心理学和心理语言学家的实验心理学口译研究则具有较明显的自然科学特征；20世纪70年代后，以巴黎释意学派为代表的职业译员则基于对口译职业的观察和体验进行了思辨型、描述性口译研究；自20世纪80年代初以来，虽然思辨性和描述性研究并未退出研究舞台，但随着一批具有其他学科背景的研究人员的出现，以观察实验和量化分析为特征的实证研究已经成为国际口译研究的主流方法。This article is a methodological review of the international interpreting studies since the 1950s. A diachronic retrospection shows that in the 1950s conference interpreters reflected upon their professional experience and discussed some fundamental issues concerning interpreting. From the 1960s to early 1970s, psychologists and psycholinguists conducted experimental psychological research in interpreting, while professional interpreters largely represented by the Paris School in the 1970s carried out descriptive research by making intuitive speculations on the cognitive process of interpreting. However, since the 1980s, though descriptive research and intuitive speculations have not become rare, as more interpreters with interdisciplinary knowledge background joined the interpreting studies community, empirical studies featuring systematic observations, scientific experiment and quantitative analysis have become dominant paradigm in interpreting studies.

关 键 词：口译研究 直觉思辨法 描述法 观察实验法 

分 类 号：H059[语言文字—语言学]