不同亚型学习障碍儿童的言语及视空间工作记忆  

Phonological and Visual Spatial Working Memory in Children with Learning Disorder of Different Subtypes

作　　者：张妍[1] 刘爱书[2] 张修竹[2] 张岚[3] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学人文社会科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]哈尔滨师范大学教育科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150025 [3]牡丹江医学院

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2011年第5期641-644,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金(10YJCXLX061);黑龙江省教育厅人文社会科学项目(11544070);哈尔滨工程大学校基础基金研究项目(HEUFT08012)资助

摘　　要：目的:探讨不同亚型学习障碍儿童的言语及视空间工作记忆特点。方法:对163对不同亚型学习障碍儿童和正常对照组儿童进行比较,采用数字排序和计数广度测验反映言语工作记忆,采用视觉空间、视觉图形和视觉面孔工作记忆反映视空间工作记忆。结果:①MD、RD及RD/MD儿童的各项言语工作记忆指标值均低于对照组;MD儿童的计数广度高于RD和RD/MD组。②不同亚型学习障碍儿童的视觉空间、视觉图形工作记忆指标值均低于对照组;在视觉面孔测试中,RD组和RD/MD组低于对照组。结论:学习障碍儿童普遍存在言语及视空间工作记忆缺陷,但不同亚型学习障碍儿童具体缺陷领域和缺陷程度略有差别。Objective： To explore the characteristics of phonological and visual spatial working memory in children with learning disorder subtype. Methods： The phonological and visual spatial working memory of 163 pairs of different sub- types of learning disorder children and normal children were compared. Arranging figure sequence and counting span were tested to reflect the phonological working memory, and the visual space, visual graphics and visual faces working memory were tested to reflect the visuospatial working memory. Results： （~The phonological working memory index values of MD group, RD group and RD/MD group were lower than the control group＇s; The scores of counting span of MD group was higher than the RD group＇s and the RD/MD group＇s. （~）The index values of visual space and visual graphics working memory in children with learning disorder of different subtypes were all lower than the control group＇s. In the visual faces test, the scores of RD group and the RD/MD group were significantly lower than control group＇ s, and the scores of the RD/ MD group were significantly lower than the MD group＇s. Conclusion： Different subtypes of learning disorder all have phonological and visual spatial working memory defects, but there are slight differences in specific fields and degrees of the phonological and visual spatial working memory defects.

关 键 词：数学障碍 阅读障碍 复合型学习障碍 言语工作记忆 视空间工作记忆 

分 类 号：R395.2[哲学宗教—心理学]