中国成年居民营养素摄入量变异及调查天数和样本量的估算  

THE VARIATION IN NUTRIENT INTAKES AND ASSESSMENT OF DAYS AND SAMPLE SIZES NEEDED FOR SURVEY AMONG ADULT RESIDENTS IN CHINA

作　　者：范轶欧[1,2] 胡小琪[1] 何宇纳[1] 杨晓光[1] 徐贵发[3] 马冠生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所,北京100021 [2]山东省疾病预防控制中心,济南250014 [3]山东大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生教研室,济南250012

出　　处：《营养学报》2011年第5期457-462,共6页Acta Nutrimenta Sinica

基　　金：卫生部专项经费和科技部(No.2001DEA30035;2003DIA6N008)重大专项经费

摘　　要：目的分析我国成年居民能量和营养素摄入量的个体内变异(CVw)和个体间变异(CVb),估算膳食调查所需重复调查次数和样本量。方法使用"2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查"数据,采用混合效应模型计算43,672名成年居民的能量、12种营养素和膳食纤维摄入量的CVw和CVb,进一步计算膳食调查所需重复调查次数和样本量。结果微量营养素和膳食纤维摄入量的CVw和CVb较高,能量和宏量营养素摄入量的CVw和CVb较低;女性营养素摄入量的CVw和CVb高于男性。精确对群体中的个体进行分类(r≥0.9),大多数营养素只需要3～4 d的膳食调查,能量、碳水化合物和脂肪摄入量仅需要2 d。同一偏离百分比比较,微量营养素和膳食纤维日常摄入量(UI)评估所需重复调查次数和样本量多于能量和宏量营养素,女性能量和营养素UI评估所需重复调查次数和样本量多于男性。结论能量和营养素摄入量的CVw和CVb与营养素种类和人群的性别有关;膳食调查所要求的精确程度越高,则需要的重复调查次数和样本量越多。Objective To determine the within-and between-person variation in nutrient intakes among Chinese adults and to calculate the days and subjects required to estimate individuals＇ mean nutrient intakes and their usual intake distribution.Method The data of China National Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 were used for this analysis.The PRCO MIXED procedure of the Statistical Analysis System was used to calculate within-and between-person variance of energy,12 nutrients and dietary fiber among 43 672 adults.Then we used variation coefficients and variance ratios to calculate the days and subjects required to estimate the mean nutrient intakes of Chinese adults.Results Micronutrients and fiber had higher intra-and inter-individual variation（%） than those of energy and macronutrients.The higher intra-and inter-individual variation（%） for nutrient intakes was observed in females than males.Three to four days were required to estimate most of the nutrient intakes with good accuracy（r≥0.9）,while energy,carbohydrate,and fat needed only 2 d.More days or subjects were required to estimate micronutrient and fiber intakes than energy and macronutrients.Compared to the males,the females required more days or subjects in dietary study for the same precision of the estimates.Conclusion The within-and between-person variations in nutrient intakes were associated with the types of nutrients and the population＇s sex.The higheraccuracy,the more days and the larger samples were needed to estimate the nutrient intakes.

关 键 词：营养素 个体内变异 个体间变异 重复调查次数 样本量 

分 类 号：R151.45[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]