耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学发展现状及展望  

Current development and outlook of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery

作　　者：韩东一[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,北京100853

出　　处：《解放军医学杂志》2011年第11期1127-1130,共4页Medical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

摘　　要：目的综述近5年来国内外耳鼻咽喉头颈外科的发展现状,为确定今后军队耳鼻咽喉头颈外科的发展和研究方向提供参考。方法采用情报调研方法,收集各分专业的现状,分析并归纳国内、军队耳鼻咽喉头颈外科在基础和应用基础研究、临床检查、诊断及治疗方法等方面取得的新进展。结果近5年来,国内耳鼻咽喉头颈外科发展迅速,总体处于世界领先水平。军队耳鼻咽喉头颈外科在基础、应用基础和临床方面均取得快速发展。军事噪声聋病的易感基因筛查已取得好的结果;毛细胞损伤和神经损伤修复的干细胞、组织工程,基因治疗等均有新的进展;耳外科、耳神经外科、鼻科、咽喉头颈外科手术正向微创化和精准化拓展;人工耳蜗植入技术日益成熟,应用逐步广泛,对于战争中和战争后发生的重度耳聋伤员康复具有非常积极的意义。头颈部恶性肿瘤的治疗已从单一治疗发展到综合治疗再到个性化治疗。结论军队耳鼻咽喉头颈外科发展水平居国内领先水平,部分项目达国际先进。"十二五"期间,军队耳鼻咽喉头颈外科应紧跟发展前沿,结合军事特点,发展优势专业,以战创伤、军事医学防护、听神经及毛细胞损伤与再生基础、军事噪声性聋的基因诊断和治疗为重点,带动耳神经外科、鼻外科、咽喉头颈外科向微创精准化迈进和发展,并形成平战结合,基础与临床相呼应,具有军队特色的重点学科,达到国际领先水平。Objective To summarize the developments of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery locally and abroad in the recent five years,and to provide references for determining the development and research direction of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery in the army in the future.Methods The method of intelligence survey was adopted in the current study.Information on the current development of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery were collected and analyzed.The advancements of the above discipline and its basic application in studies,clinical examination,diagnosis,and treatment in China and its army were also summarized.Results Otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery has achieved rapid progress in China and has attained an advanced level in the world during the last five years.The army also attained great achievements in the basic application and clinical studies of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery.Gene screening for military noise-induced deafness leads to good results.New advancements have been made in curing hair cell damage and nerve damage by stem cells,tissue engineering,and gene therapy.Operations of otology,neuro-otology,rhinology,and laryngopharyngeal head and neck surgery have been geared toward minimal invasiveness and precision.The technology of cochlear implant has become mature and has been extensively adopted,which has lead to extremely positive significance to the recovery of those injured with severe deafness during and after the war.The treatment of malignant tumors in the head and neck has also become single-case,from comprehensive treatment to individualized treatment.Conclusions Otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery in the army has taken the lead in the medical field in China.Some items are now in use worldwide.The army has kept track of the development of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery during the 12th five year period.Otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery has been combined with military features to develop advantageous disciplines and to focus on battle in

关 键 词：耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学 基因诊断 耳神经外科 

分 类 号：R762[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]