城市生态系统-大气间的碳通量研究进展  

Progress on carbon flux in urban ecosystem and atmosphere

作　　者：贾庆宇[1] 王宇[2] 李丽光[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所,辽宁沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院植物研究所植被数量生态学重点实验室,北京100093

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2011年第10期1569-1574,共6页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2010CB951303-4);国家自然科学基金项目(41101077)

摘　　要：城市生态系统对全球碳收支具有显著的贡献,城市化进程促进城市向大气排放碳。随着观测手段和仪器的发展,涡动相关法已成为陆地生态系统碳通量观测的主要手段,并广泛应用于中心城市碳通量观测;城市CO2浓度和通量变化具有日、周、季节变化特征,不同城市之间CO2浓度和通量也有很大差异,其主要原因是由于城市生态系统的下垫面类型不均一,土壤、植被、路面、交通、人呼吸等对碳通量都有贡献,绿地(树木、草坪)对燃料燃烧、人呼吸等的碳排放起着一定的抵消作用;由于多种因素对碳通量起作用,在对城市通量数据进行分析时必须开展贡献区即碳足迹分析。本文综述了城市生态系统-大气间碳通量研究的历程;分析了城市生态系统碳通量的时空变化特征及其主要控制因子;探讨了复杂下垫面条件下城市生态系统-大气间碳通量研究的特点和难点,并提出了未来研究的重点。Urban ecosystem has significant contribution to the global carbon budget,Urbanization promotes the city＇s carbon emissions to the atmosphere.Eddy correlation method becomes the primary means to observe the terrestrial ecosystem carbon flux with the development of observation methods and instruments,and it has been used to the carbon flux measurement in many central cities.The urban CO2 concentration and flux have daily,weekly,seasonal variations,and they are also quite different between different cities.The difference is mainly due to the type heterogeneity of the underlying surface of urban ecosystem.Furthermore,the soil,vegetation,pavement,traffic,people net respiration and so on all contribute to the carbon flux.Of them,green（trees,grass） plays an important role to offset carbon emissions from fuel combustion,respiration,etc.Carbon flux is influenced by many factors,so contribution areas,namely,carbon footprint analysis,must be carried out when we analyze the flux data in a city.We reviewed the course of study on carbon fluxes between urban ecosystem and atmosphere,analyzed its spatial and temporal variation characteristics in the urban ecosystem and the main controlling factors,discussed its characteristics and difficulties under the complex underlying surface conditions.Finally,the study emphasis in the future was put forward.

关 键 词：涡动相关法 城市生态系统 碳通量 碳足迹 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学]