罗尔斯对康德伦理学的“建构主义诠释”——兼论《正义论》证成结构的思想“原型”  

Rawls' Interpretation of Kant's Ethics as Moral Constructivism:On the Prototype of the Justification Structure about A Theory of Justice concurrently

作　　者：乔洪武[1] 曾召国[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学经济与管理学院

出　　处：《哲学研究》2011年第12期98-104,125,共7页Philosophical Research

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目"西方经济伦理思想研究"(编号10JZD0021)子课题"西方经济伦理思想的哲学基础研究"成果之一

摘　　要：一、罗尔斯所理解的康德伦理学的基本特征：“道德建构主义” 罗尔斯在整个学术生涯中从未间断过对康德伦理学的研究，其“康德解读”的精髓是从哲学方法论上把康德伦理学理解为一种“道德建构主义”（moralconstructivism），在西方哲学史上第一次明确提出了“建构主义”概念，并把它运用于道德和政治哲学。Rawls's interpretation of Kant's ethics as a kind of moral constructivism occupies a central place in his research of moral history of philosophy.He thought that,in Kant's ethics,the conception of a person as a reasonable and rational being with some specific'constitution'is an implicit'fact of reason'in our everyday moral consciousness.We can'lay out'a constructive procedure,namely the'Categorical Imperative Procedure',to'represent'this conception.This procedure should not be viewed as an account of our real process of moral reasoning,rather a rational reconfiguration of the'implicit schema'of a reasonable and rational person's moral deliberation.It is by this procedure that we can'construct'or specify the content of the particular moral duties,and disclose the'self-authentication'nature of the moral law rooted in ourselves.Rawls's'Constructivist'interpretation of Kant's ethics supplies a'prototype'for the justification structure of his A Theory of Justice in which the device of'Original Position'plays a vital role and the conception of'(Wide) Reflective Equilibrium'is the criterion of justifiability.

关 键 词：康德伦理学 建构主义 罗尔斯 《正义论》 “原型” 结构 诠释 哲学方法论 

分 类 号：B82-05[哲学宗教—伦理学]