水肥耦合对小麦产量及淀粉特性的影响  

Effect of Water and Fertilizer Coupling on Starch Pasting Characteristics and Yield of Winter Wheat

作　　者：张洁[1,2] 姚宇卿[1,2] 吕军杰 蔡典雄[2,3] 张建军[2,3] 李俊红[1,2] 丁志强[1,2] 檀尊社 郑志松 吴剑峰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]洛阳市农业科学研究院,洛阳471022 [2]中国农科院洛阳旱农试验基地,洛阳471022 [3]中国农科院农业资源与区划所,北京100081 [4]洛阳市农产品安全检测中心,洛阳471000 [5]河南省农业广播电视学校,郑州450008

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2011年第12期1-4,10,共5页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：948计划(2006-G52);国家科技支撑计划(2007BAD88B02-04);国际CIMMYT项目(2002AA6Z3311)

摘　　要：利用干旱棚,以洛阳1971～1999年20年的降雨量为依据,以每月占年平均降雨量的加权值进行分配,模拟不同水肥条件下对小麦产量及淀粉特性的影响。结果表明:不同降雨年型不同施肥组合有以下规律:N、P水平相同的情况下,水分高的处理产量高;在欠水年和丰水年,P肥相同的情况下,N肥高的产量低;在平水年,不同施肥水平呈现出不同变化,氮肥N105>N0>N210,氮肥相同水平下P84>P168>P0。水分是产量的主导因素。小麦产量的提高可通过协调成产3因素来实现。淀粉的峰值黏度、终结黏度、稀懈值及反弹值受水肥影响较大,而糊化温度和低谷黏度受水肥影响较小,在平水年以N105P84处理的淀粉糊化特性各参数值较高,在一定程度上改善了面条品质,而在丰水年氮肥较高的各参数的值较低。In order to test the influences of various water - fertilizer conditions on the starching characteristics and yield of the wheat, an arid awning was engaged, and the various water - fertilizer conditions were simulated by employing the monthly weighted average rainfall from 1971 to 1999 （20 years in total） in Luoyang. The result showed the law for the fertilizer combinations in years with various rainfalls （ as follows） ： if the levels of N and P are the same, the combination with higher water content brings higher output ; In conditions of dry year and wet year, the combination with higher - proportion N can lead to lower output in case of the same proportions of phosphatic fertilizer In the normal flow year, output varies due to various fertilizer levels： nitrogenous fertilizer N105 〉 N0〉 N210; and with same nitrogenous fertilizer conditions, the yield of wheat ： P84 〉 P168 〉 P0. The moisture content is the output predominant factor. The output of the wheat may be raised through coordinating the three factors for growth and output. The peak viscosity, final viscosity, breakdown and setback of wheat starch are highly influenced by the moisture and fertilizer, but the paste temperature and the hold - year, the combination N105P84 raises each the noodle quality to some extent. While trough viscosity are lowly influenced by the same relatively. In normal flow parameter value of the paste characteristics of wheat starch, which improves in the wet year, the combination with higher proportion of nitrogenous fertilizer cuts the same.

关 键 词：水肥耦合 产量 淀粉糊化特性 冬小麦 

分 类 号：S151.9[农业科学—土壤学]