“六书”性质及价值的重新认识  

Re-Understanding of the Properties and Academic Value of Liùshū

作　　者：李运富[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学文学院 [2]民俗典籍文字研究中心

出　　处：《世界汉语教学》2012年第1期94-105,共12页Chinese Teaching in the World

摘　　要："六书"的性质属于古代小学教育中的一门教学科目,"六书"之名是对该科目知识内容的概称。"六书"的具体内容涉及汉字的形体来源、理据构造、类聚关系、用字法则等,构成汉字基础知识的教学体系,但不是单一理论的类型系统。"六书"长期被看作六种造字方法或六种结构类型,这不符合"六书"的原始功能。在学术史上,"六书"引起汉字理论的各种专题研究,从而产生"六书学"。"六书学"不等于"六书",它偏离了"六书"的教学领域,或出于误解,或出于借题发挥。"六书"所选择的知识要点和拟定的名目非常适合基础教育的需要,"六书"的主要价值不在理论方面而在教学领域。现代的汉字教学存在诸多偏误,回归或借鉴传统"六书"可能是一条很好的出路。Liusha （六书）is a general term for the whole knowledge of a discipline about Chinese characters in ancient philological education, signifying a pedagogical system （but not merely a categorical system） including the formal and structural source, principles and rules of structure, aggregative relationship and rules of usage. The traditional point of view that liushu indicates the six ways of creating characters or six types of character structure does not reflect its original functions. The so-called science of liushu, which originated from the various professional and theoretical studies of it, has deviated its pedagogical aspect because of misunderstanding or exaggeration. Therefore, the science of liushu is no longer liushu itself. As a matter of fact, liushu serves the primary education properly in knowledge point selection and term definition. At present, there are some biased conventions in character teaching, and to rectify them, a possible way may be to refer to liushu as it actually and originally is.

关 键 词：六书 识字教学体系 六书学 结构类型 造字法 

分 类 号：H122[语言文字—汉语]