汉译佛经等比标记“如……等/许”探源  

On the Source of the Equal Comparative Marker "Ru(如) … Deng/Xu(等/许)" in the Chinese Translated Buddhist Scriptures

作　　者：姜南[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院梵文研究中心,北京100732

出　　处：《语言研究》2012年第1期70-73,共4页Studies in Language and Linguistics

摘　　要："如……等/许"是中古新兴的等比标记,大量用例来自汉译佛经,然而以往局限于中土汉语文献的研究并不能完整揭示其来源。文章结合汉译佛经中的丰富实例,借助现有的梵汉对勘材料,初步证明,汉译佛经的框式等比标记"如……等/许"是前置词"如"和后置词"等/许"在仿译原文同型等比结构的基础上,临时搭配而成的句法格式;译经还在仿译原文等比结构的基础上仿译原文构词,促使等比标记进一步向词内成分虚化,成为构词语素。As a new equal comparative marker in the Medieval Chinese, ＂Ru（如） ＂＂ Deng/Xu（等/许）＂ is mostly used in the Chinese translated Buddhist scriptures. But previous studies limited to the Chinese literatures are difficult to reveal its integrated source. With the help of the plenty of examples in the Chinese Buddhist Scriptures and the Sanskrit-Chinese comparative materials in existence, we shall make a preliminary demonstration that the equal comparative marker ＂Ru（如） --- Deng/Xu（等/许）＂ is a discontinuous construction temporarily composed of the preposition ＂Ru（如）＂ and the postposition ＂Deng/Xu（等/许）＂ on the base of the calque of the homotypical equal comparative struction in the original text. Meanwhile, the lexical calque also happened via translations which further promoted the development from the equal comparative marker to the morpheme within a word.

关 键 词：等比标记 梵汉对勘 仿译 

分 类 号：H134[语言文字—汉语] H141