液氨爆破对稻草秸秆稀硫酸降解工艺影响  

Effects of liquid ammonia blasting pretreatment on the rice straw dilute acid degradation

作　　者：杨健[1] 张健[1] 钟霞[1] 刘跃红[1] 张文学[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学轻纺与食品学院,四川成都610065 [2]四川大学锦江学院,四川眉山620860

出　　处：《粮食与油脂》2011年第12期9-11,共3页Cereals & Oils

基　　金：国家科技部国际合作项目(2009DFA60890)

摘　　要：为给制取生物质乙醇提供参考,该实验对木质纤维原料进行液氨爆破预处理后稀硫酸降解工艺进行研究。以农产秸秆为原料,自制爆破装置,采用化学分析与扫描电镜、X射线衍射相结合方法,分别研究液氨爆破在温度60℃～80℃、维压时间10～30 min、压力1.0～4.0 MPa条件下,液氨爆破预处理对秸秆主要成分与稀硫酸水解还原糖得率影响。结果表明,当液氨爆破条件为温度70℃、时间20 min、压力2.5 MPa时,处理后物料纤维素含量35.99%、半纤维素含量16.71%、稀硫酸水解还原糖得率最高达38.83%;SEM与XRD显示,液氨爆破后稻草秸秆纤维形态结构受到不同程度破坏,表面断裂、空隙增加、纤维素结晶度降低,有利于稀酸水解作用。To provide the reference of the conversion of biomass into fuel ethanol, liquid ammonia blasting pretreatment have been applied in degradating lignocellulose with dilute sulphuric acid. Using the homemade explosive device, this study has researched the effect of rice straw dilute acid degradation by liquid ammonia blasting pretreatment （temperature： 60℃-80℃, pressure： 1.0-4.0 MPa, hold time： 10-30 min ）. Meanwhile, chemical analysis, scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction have been used. The results show that the cellulose, hemicellulose and reducing sugar of dilute acid degradation concentration are 35.99%, 16.71% and 38.83% respectively when the liquid ammonia blasting pretreatment condition is at 70 ℃, 2.5 MPa for 20 min. At the same time, the results of SEM and XRD revealed that the morphological structure of rice straw are changed more or less that the surface has been ruptured and the space has been increased while the crystallinity of cellulose has been reduced after the liquid ammonia blasting pretreatment, which are benefit for the dilute acid hydrolysis.

关 键 词：稻草秸秆 液氨爆破 稀酸水解 

分 类 号：TQ914.1[化学工程]