对接口匹配的航天器双主动最优交会研究  

Optimal Cooperative Rendezvous of Spacecraft Considering Locations of Capture Interfaces

作　　者：何兆伟[1] 师鹏[1] 葛冰[1] 赵育善[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学宇航学院,北京100191

出　　处：《中国空间科学技术》2011年第6期36-42,共7页Chinese Space Science and Technology

摘　　要：研究了两航天器协同轨道机动(双主动)完成近距离交会任务的最优控制问题。在考虑航天器姿态变化、对接口位置及路径约束的情况下,构建了完整的6自由度、26状态的双主动最优交会数学模型。利用高斯伪谱法分别将燃料总消耗最少和交会时间最短两种最优问题离散为大型非线性规划问题,而后应用SNOPT软件包进行了求解。在此基础上通过大量数值计算分析总结了不同初始参数对最小燃料消耗和最短交会时间的影响规律,并与主被动交会形式进行了对比。结果表明,当两航天器质量接近时,双主动交会通常可明显减少燃料消耗,或缩短交会时间;而当质量差距较大时,双主动最优交会逐渐退化为主被动最优交会。The optimal close range rendezvous of two spacecrafts was investigated. The complete 26-state model with six degree-of-freedom for the rendezvous was developed to prevent the undesired collision of spacecraft considering the attitude change, the locations of capture interfaces, and the path constraints. The minimum quadratic control and minimum-time problems were discretized into the problem of large scale nonlinear programming by means of Gaussian pseudospectral method, which was solved by the software package SNOPT. The influences of different initial parameters on the optimal solutions were also analyzed. Numerical simulation results show that the time and fuel cost may be decreased with the optimal cooperative rendezvous compared with the optimal active-passive rendezvous.

关 键 词：双主动交会 最优控制 高斯伪谱法 航天器 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]