汽车起重机变幅机构的多领域耦合动力学建模仿真  

Dynamics Modeling and Simulation of Luffing Mechanism for Mobile Cranes Based on Multi-field Coupling

作　　者：仲作阳[1] 孟光[1] 荆建平[1] 李明[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学机械系统与振动国家重点实验室

出　　处：《工程机械》2012年第2期18-21,101-102,共4页Construction Machinery and Equipment

基　　金：国家"863"计划课题资助项目(2009AA044501)

摘　　要：汽车起重机变幅机构是典型的机械、液压、控制等多领域耦合系统,在其频繁的启动、制动过程中,变幅机构和液压元件承受着强烈的冲击和振动。传统的单一领域动力学建模方法很难全面反映汽车起重机变幅机构的整体动力学性能。以QY100型汽车起重机为研究对象,利用多领域统一建模语言Modelica建立机械、液压及控制等多领域耦合的汽车起重机变幅机构动力学模型,对其工作过程进行动态仿真,分析比较在控制和非控制两种情况下,变幅液压缸等液压元件的受力曲线,以及变幅液压缸对汽车起重机回转支承机构的作用力和力矩。结果表明,所建立的机-液-控耦合模型符合实际情况,充分考虑了机械、液压和控制的能量耦合效应,避免了普遍采用的单一领域系统动力学分析方法的不足。Luffing mechanism of the mobile crane is a typical coupling system based on multi-field covering mechanics, hydraulics, control and etc. During the process of frequent start and brake, luffing mechanism and the hydraulic units would receive strong impact and vibration. Therefore, the traditional mechanical modeling of single field can hardly represent the integral mechanic function of the luffing mechanism for mobile crane. Model QY100 mobile crane was set as the study object to construct a kinetic model of luffing mechanism by using the multi-field uniform modeling language Modelica based on mechanics, hydraulics, controls, and etc. The working procedure has been simulated to analyze and compare the stress curves of hydraulic units, such as hydraulic cylinder under conditions both in control and out of control, while the stress and torque of the lutTmg cylinder to the turn table have also been analyzed. The result has shown that the mechanics- hydraulics-control coupled model complies with the real conditions, for it has fully considered the energy coupling effect based on multi-field of mechanics, hydraulics, and controls, hence eliminating the inefficiency of common kinetic analysis within single field.

关 键 词：汽车起重机 变幅机构 多领域耦合 建模仿真 比例微分控制 

分 类 号：TH213.6[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]