小型果蔬产地预冷装置的研究与试验  

Test and Study on Small-scale Precooling Equipment Used in Fruit and Vegetable Producing Area

作　　者：王倩[1] 戴绍碧[1] 徐娓[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东石油化工学院,广东茂名525000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2012年第9期5288-5290,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2008B021200004)

摘　　要：分析了开发适合单体农户使用的小型产地预冷装置的必要性,并提出了产地预冷装置的技术要求。在此基础上,设计了一种预冷箱体与制冷设备可分离的小型产地预冷装置。以注水不锈钢小球为被冷却对象,在设置的预冷箱体中进行单层钢球、多层钢球的冷却试验。结果表明,在单层钢球试验中,钢球的温度变化规律可以用指数方程进行拟合,其方程为y=22.57e-0.002 3x,判定系数R2=0.948 7,在冷却过程中,1/2、3/4、7/8预冷时间分别为39、70和104 min。在多层钢球试验中,上层钢球温度下降最快,下层钢球温度下降最慢,最上层钢球的降温情况与单层钢球的预冷情况相同,接近于指数变化规律,拟合后的曲线方程为y=27.117e-0.005 9x,判定系数R2=0.912 2;最下层的温度变化近似为直线规律,拟合后的方程为y=-0.109 8x+25.619,R2=0.966 7;温度由最上层至最下层逐次上升,在实际应用中,应以下层果蔬的温度值作为是否达到预冷温度设定值来进行控制;1/2、3/4、7/8预冷时间分别为55、91和130 min。该研究可为产地预冷设备的研发提供参考。The necessity of developing small-scale precooling equipment for monomer farmers was analyzed, the technical requirements of precooling equipment were pointed out. On the basis of this, a new kind of small-scale precooling equipment in which cooling package is separated from refrigeration machine was proposed, single-layer and multi-layer experiments were done in an insulation package using stainless steel balls filled with water as study material. The results showed that, in single-layer experiment, the temperature variation law of stainless steelballs could be fitted with an equation of y = 22.57e ^-0.002 3x, determination coefficient R^2 = 0. 984 7, 1/2, 3/4, 7/8 preeooling time 39, 70 and 104 min respectively. In multi-layer experiment, the temperature of up layer balls decreased fast, while bottom balls decreased slowest. The temperature decreasing situation of topside balls was similar with that of single-layer balls, approaching to index variation law, the fitted curve equation was y = - 0. 109 8x ＋ 25. 619, R^2 = 0.966 7 ; temperature increased from topside layer to lowest layer, so the bottom layer fruit and vegetable temperature should be viewed as the index whether up to setting value; 1/2, 3/4, 7/8 precooling time were 55, 91 and 130 min. The studv will nrovide reference for development of precooling equipment in producing area.

关 键 词：产地预冷 果蔬保鲜 预冷时间 冷风 隔热箱体 制冷设备 

分 类 号：S377[农业科学—农产品加工] S229.3[农业科学—农艺学]