共散射点成像及其在低信噪比三维地震数据处理中的应用  

Common scattering point imaging and its application to low S/N 3 D seismic data processing.

作　　者：王勇[1] 朱亚平[1] 杨慧珠[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学工程力学系

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2000年第1期20-26,共7页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

基　　金：中国石油天然气集团公司中青年创新基金

摘　　要：根据地震旅行时的双平方根方程,采用叠前克希霍夫积分偏移原理,将地震道按产生的散射点,在给定的偏移距范围内抽成道集,称为共散射点道集。然后对该道集进行速度分析、动校正和叠加,得到偏移地震剖面,即共散射点成像。由于共散射点等价于共反射点,而且它具有很高的信噪比,还可以通过它建立准确的速度模型,因此利用共散射点成像,再配合专门的去噪、剩余静校正等处理手段,对于低信噪比地震资料的处理是很有意义的。文中给出的实例证明了该方法的有效性。The common scattering point trace gather within the given offset is obtained by taking the dual quadratic surd travel time equation, the principle of prestack Kirchoff integral migration, and the number of scattering points. Then the trace gather undergoes velocity analysis, normal moveout correction and stack to bring seismic migrated section ( This is called scattering point imaging). Common scattering point is equivalent to common reflection point and results in very high signal noise ratio; besides it can be used to have correct velocity model. Consequently, the combinative use of common scattering point imaging, special noise elimination, residual static correction and so on will be very significant to the processing of low S/N seismic data. The example proves the method very effective.

关 键 词：共散射点 成像 地震数据处理 信噪比 地震数据 

分 类 号：P631.443[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]